Microbial Mutulism and Microbiomes 2

lichens

leafy microbial symbioses, fungi/algae, algae photosynthetic and produces organic matter, fungi provides structure/protection

legume

root nodule symbiosis, nitrogen fixing bacteria/plants, bacteria fix nitrogen and provide ammonia, plants provide protection and sugars

mycorrhizae

mutualistic association of plant roots and fungi, fungi creates more surface area for nutrient absorption for the plant, plants provide carb source for fungi

endomycorrhizae

fungal mycelium becomes deeply embedded within the root of tissue

ectomycorrhizae

fungal cells form a sheath around outside of root with only a little penetration into root tissue

termites

termites decompose cellulose/hemicellulose, bacteria in gut break it down

squid

squid has bioilluminecent bacteria in its gut

reef building corals/phototrophic symbionts

coral skeleton is efficient light gathering structure

microbiome

sites of an animal that contains microbes

microbial antagonism

competition between microbes

prebiotics

chemicals that enhance growth of normal microbiome

probiotics

live microbes applied to or ingested to exert a benefit

postbiotics

bioactive compounds from the microbes