Bio 111-Biology,Living systems,and Unifying Concepts

Organisation

Consist of one or more cells and exhibit different levels of organisation

Reproduction

Contain genetic information that gets passed to offspring

Metabolism

Harvests energy and uses it for biological processes, including anabolism and catabolism.

Respond

to their surrounding

Homeostsis

the ability of an organism to maintain internal stability despite external changes

Emergent properties

are characteristics of a system that arise from the interactions of its components, which cannot be understood by analyzing the components in isolation.

Pasma Membrane

cells that separate the interior of the cell from the external environment, regulating the movement of substances in and out.

cytoplasm

semifluid within the membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many biochemical reactions.

Evoultion

adaptation over time through natural selection

Atomic level

atoms for example: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen form the building blocks of molecules

molecular level

the scale of organization where molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, interact and perform functions essential for life.

Cellular level

the cell is the smallest living cell unitthat can carry out all life processes, including metabolism and reproduction.

Tissure

cells performing specific functions

Organs

Composed of multiples tissues working for a shared function

Organ System

Groups of organs collarabating to preform a system

Organism

an individual living entity sample of independent existence

Population

groups of the same species in a defined area

Community

interacting populations of different species

Ecosystems

communities interacting with abiotic facts

Biome

regions defined by climate and dominant ecosystems

Biosphere

all ecosystems collectively form earth life supporting system

Cell Theory

all living things are made of cells are the basic units of life; new arise from existing cells

Prokaryotic Cells

• small and simple in strucutre

• lack a nucleus

• do not contain membrane- bound organelles

• always single- celled organism s

• oldes type of cell

Eukaryotic Cells

• larger and more complex than prokarytes

• contain a nuclues

• have membrane- bound organelles

• can be single-celled or multicellular

• evolved from prokaryotes

What are some shared features of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

• DNA

• ribosomes

• cytoplasm

• plasma membrane

Natural Selection

the process of enchance survival and reproduction become more common in a pop

Nucleus

the organelle in eukaryotic cells that houses DNA

Organism

and invdiual living entity

Phylogenteic Tree

a diagram that shows evolutionary realatioship between species

Speices

the most specific level of classification consisting of organisms capable of interbreeding

Taxonomy

the science of Maning, describing and classifying

Domain

the highest taxonomic rank, including Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Binomial Nomenclature

A Two part naming system for species

Central Dogma of Biology

the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein

Cytoplasm

the jelly like substance within the cell where organelles are located

Kingdom

a major taxonomic rank within a domain

Domain

the highes taxonomic rank, including bacteria,archaea and eukaryotic