Unit 7.1 World War One

What shift defines U.S. foreign policy (1900–1920)?

• From isolationism → interventionism

• Due to imperialism + WWI

What was the Platt Amendment?

• Limited Cuban independence

• Let U.S. control Cuba indirectly

• Gave U.S. Guantanamo Bay base

What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

• U.S. can act as “police” in Latin America

• Justified intervention in weaker nations

What was the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty?

• U.S. got control of Panama Canal Zone

• Allowed canal construction

• Increased tensions with Latin America

What did the Treaty of Paris do?

• Ended Spanish-American War

• U.S. gained Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico

• Cuba became independent

• Marked start of U.S. empire

What was the Zimmermann Telegram?

• Germany asked Mexico to attack U.S.

• Helped push U.S. into WWI

What was the Fourteen Points?

• Wilson’s plan for peace

• Included self-determination + League of Nations

What was the Treaty of Versailles?

• Ended WWI

• Blamed Germany (war guilt clause)

• Forced reparations

• Created League of Nations

• U.S. rejected it

What did the Selective Service Act do?

• Created military draft

• Raised millions of soldiers

What did the Espionage Act do?

• Illegal to interfere with war effort

• Targeted anti-war activists

What did the Sedition Act do?

• Banned criticism of government/military

• Major limit on free speech

What did the Supreme Court decide in Schenck v. United States?

• Established “clear and present danger”

• Govt can limit speech in wartime

What did the War Industries Board do?

• Controlled war production

• Allocated materials

What did the National War Labor Board do?

• Prevented strikes

• Improved worker conditions

What did the Food Administration do?

• Encouraged rationing

• Promoted Victory Gardens

What were the Palmer Raids?

• Arrested suspected radicals

• Violated civil liberties

• Part of Red Scare

What was the Emergency Quota Act?

• Limited immigration

• Favored northern Europeans

What did the National Origins Act do?

• Strict quotas

• Banned most Asian immigration