Latin and Greek Derivations

Flashcards reviewing Latin and Greek derivations, including affixes, word formation, and common Latin phrases.

__ is attaching prefixes or suffixes to a base to form a new word.

Attaching prefixes or suffixes to a base to form a new word.

__ is combining two or more bases to form a new word.

Combining two or more bases to form a new word.

-ant / -ent is a suffix meaning or __.

Latin participle suffix meaning 'one who' or 'that which'. E.g., agent, tenant.

-ity forms ___. E.g., captivity, passivity. Comparable to English __.

Forms abstract nouns. E.g., captivity, passivity. Comparable to English '-ness'.

-ence / -ance / -ency / -ancy forms indicating a or ___. E.g., agency, currency.

Forms nouns indicating a state or quality. E.g., agency, currency.

-ion means ___. E.g., action, injection.

Means 'act of'. E.g., action, injection.

-andum/-endum is a suffix meaning _. E.g., memorandum, add

Gerundive suffix meaning 'that which must be _ ed'. E.g., memorandum, add

are suffixes indicating _. E.g., molecule, morsel, granule.

Suffixes indicating 'a little _'. E.g., molecule, morsel, granule.

-ify / -efy is a suffix meaning _. E.g., terrify, classify.

Verb-forming suffix meaning 'to make'. E.g., terrify, classify.

-esce indicates ___. E.g., coalesce, senescent.

Indicates process of becoming. E.g., coalesce, senescent.

-ate (verbs) forms from or ___. E.g., congregate, repatriate.

Forms verbs from nouns or adjectives. E.g., congregate, repatriate.

is when a prefix sound to __ the base. E.g., ad + similis → assimilate.

Prefix sound changes to resemble the base. E.g., ad + similis → assimilate.

is when a base changes when a __ is added. E.g., salient → resilient.

Base vowel changes when a prefix is added. E.g., salient → resilient.

is an unfamiliar word _. E.g., chaise longue → chaise lounge.

Unfamiliar word reshaped. E.g., chaise longue → chaise lounge.

__ is the shortening of a word. E.g., gym, prof.

Shortening of a word. E.g., gym, prof.

are words made from _. __ (e.g., CIA) or __ (e.g., NATO).

Words made from initials. Alphabetism (e.g., CIA) or acronym (e.g., NATO).

is creating a word by a suffix. E.g., burgle from burglar.

Creating a word by removing a suffix. E.g., burgle from burglar.

is combining of two words. E.g., smog (smoke + fog).

Combining parts of two words. E.g., smog (smoke + fog).

is the same borrowed twice via __ paths. E.g., regal (Latin) vs royal (French).

Same root borrowed twice via different paths. E.g., regal (Latin) vs royal (French).

__ plurals include alumnus → alumni, fungus → fungi, criterion → criteria.

E.g., alumnus → alumni, fungus → fungi, criterion → criteria.

are learned -based words from Early Modern English, often scholarly.

Learned Latin-based words from Early Modern English, often scholarly.

a fortiori means ___. If a strong case is true, a __ one must be too.

From the stronger argument. If a strong case is true, a weaker one must be too.

ad hoc means ___. Used for __ or __ formed for a specific task.

For this purpose. Used for committees or solutions formed for a specific task.

non sequitur means ___. A __ fallacy.

It does not follow. A logical fallacy.

Avoid ___. Don't place words between __ and verb. E.g., 'to boldly go' → 'to go boldly'.

Don't place words between 'to' and verb. E.g., 'to boldly go' → 'to go boldly'.

Avoid ___. Using two __ makes a positive in Latin. E.g., 'can't get no' → 'can't get any'.

Using two negatives makes a positive in Latin. E.g., 'can't get no' → 'can't get any'.

Avoid ___. In Latin, __ must __ objects. E.g., 'To whom are you referring?'

In Latin, prepositions must precede objects. E.g., 'To whom are you referring?'