Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration, essential for understanding energy transfer in living organisms.

What is photosynthesis?

A process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into food energy (sugar) and oxygen.

What organelle contains chlorophyll?

Chloroplast.

What is the function of chlorophyll?

A green molecule that uses light energy to change water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.

Where does the light reaction of photosynthesis take place?

In the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.

What are the reactants of the photosynthesis equation?

H2O (water) and CO2 (carbon dioxide).

What are the products of photosynthesis?

O2 (oxygen) and C6H12O6 (glucose).

What happens to the sunlight absorbed by chlorophyll?

It is used to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.

How do animals and plants rely on each other?

Animals produce carbon dioxide that plants need, while plants produce oxygen for animals.

What is respiration?

The process by which the chemical energy of food molecules is released and changed into ATP.

What does ATP stand for?

Adenosine triphosphate, the energy molecule created by mitochondria.

What is the function of mitochondria?

Organelles that convert the energy stored in glucose into ATP.

What equation represents cellular respiration?

O2 + C6H12O6 → H2O + CO2 + ATP.

What do the inputs of cellular respiration produce?

They produce water, carbon dioxide, and ATP.

In which type of cells does cellular respiration occur?

In both plant and animal cells.

What is the relationship between the equations of photosynthesis and respiration?

They are opposites of each other.

What do plants use from animals?

Carbon dioxide.

What do animals use from plants?

Sugar and oxygen.

Which molecule is a product of photosynthesis and used in respiration?

Glucose.

What is one key difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy, while cellular respiration releases chemical energy.

What do chloroplasts do?

They are where photosynthesis takes place.

What two processes are essential for energy transfer in ecosystems?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration.