Mod 5 GESS

Physical self

Refers to the body, this marvelous and complex, finely tuned, machine with which we interface with our environment and fellow beings

Physical self

Is the concrete dimension, tangible aspect of the person that can be directly observed and examined

Heredity

“the transmission of traits from parents to offspring

Genotype

specific information imbedded within our genes; not all genotypes translate to an observed physical characteristic

Phenotype

is the physical expression of a particular trait.

Heredity

The transmission of traits from one generation to another

Chromosomes

These are a threadlike bodies in the nucleus of the cell and the storage unit of genes. Studies revealed that most human cells contain 46 chromosomes

Gene

This is the unit carrier of heredity. Genes alone can determine the sex of the fertilized cell.

Genome

This is the collection of genetic information. A human genome has 30,000 gene.

DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid

This is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life.

Genotype

This is the part (DNA sequence) of the genetic makeup of a cell which determines a specific characteristic.

Phenotype

This is the expression of our genotype (e.g. hair color, weight, or the presence or absence of a disease).

Maturation

Known as the completion of growth of genetic character

Maturation

is known as the completion of growth of genetic character within an organism or the unfolding of an individual’s inherent traits or potential.

Sexual Self

individual’s evaluation of his/her own sexual feelings and actions

gonads

reproductive glands that produce the gametes; testis or ovary

indifferent stage

During the early stages of human development, the embryonic reproductive structures of males and females are alike and are said to be in the

testosterone

The formation of male or female structures depends on the presence of

Epididymitis

Orchitis

or inflammation of the testes, can cause sterility and most commonly follows mumps in an adult male

Urethritis

inflammation of the urethra

Prostate cancer

(a common sequel to prostatic hypertrophy) is a widespread problem in adult males

Menopause

 is a stage where women no longer experience menstruation

Erogenous Zone

• parts of the body that are primarily receptive and increase sexual arousal when touched in a sexual manner.

• Ex: the mouth, breasts, genitals, and anus; other common areas of the body that can be aroused easily may include the neck, thighs, abdomen, and feet. 

Excitement phase

There is an increase in pulse and blood pressure, and skin temperature. Flushing and swelling of all distensible body parts are also experienced. Symptoms of arousal eventually increase to a near maximal physiological level that leads to the next stage.  

Plateau phase

It is generally of brief duration. If stimulation is continued, orgasm usually occurs.  

Sexual climax

 It is marked by a feeling of abrupt, intense pleasure

Resolution phase.

It is the last stage that refers to the return to a normal or subnormal physiologic state

Physiological problems

Diseases that are due to abnormal development of the genitalia or that part of the neurophysiology controlling sexual response;

 Psychological problems

Caused by socially induced inhibitions, maladaptive attitudes, ignorance, and sexual myths held by society;

Premature emission of semen

is a common problem, especially for young males;  Erectile impotence is almost always of psychological origin in males under 40; in older males, physical causes are more often involved;

Ejaculatory impotence

which results from the inability to ejaculate in coitus, is uncommon and is usually of psychogenic origin

Vaginismus

 a strong spasm of the pelvic musculature constricting the female reproductive organ so that penetration is painful or impossible

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

These are bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections transmitted from an infected person to an uninfected person through sexual contact.  

Chlamydia

Very small parasitic bacterium that, like a virus, requires the biochemical mechanisms of another cell in order to reproduce

Gonorrhea

A venereal disease involving inflammatory discharge from the urethra or vagina

Syphilis

A chronic bacterial disease that is contracted chiefly during sexual intercourse, but also congenitally by infection of a developing fetus

Chancroid

Bacterial infection that causes open sores on or around the genitals of men and women

Human Papillomavirus

A viral infection that is passed between people through skin to skin contact

Herpes Simplex Virus

It spreads from skin to skin contact with infected areas, often during vaginal sex, oral sex, anal sex, and kissing. Herpes causes outbreaks of itchy, painful blisters or sores that come and go

Trichomonas Vaginalis

Very common STD, it is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite called trichomonas vaginal

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). By damaging your immune system, HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight infection and disease.

HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus)

is a sexually transmitted infection (STI). It can also be spread by contact with infected blood or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth or breast-feeding. Without medication, it may take years before HIV weakens your immune system to the point that you have AIDS. 

Abstinence

Involves refraining from sexual intercourse and is the most effective natural birth control method

Calendar Method

• Also called rhythm method

• Entails withhold from coitus during the days that the woman is fertile

Basal Body Temperature

Indicate the woman’s temperature at rest

Cervical Mucus Method

Change in the cervical mucus during the ovulation, cervical mucus is copious, thin ,water

Symptothermal Method

Combination of BBT and cervical mucus method

Ovulation Detection

Uses an over-the-counter kit that requires the urine sample of the woman

Coitus Interruptus

• One of the oldest that prevents conception

• The man withdraws the moment he ejaculates

Oral Contraceptives

Pill, contains synthetic estrogen and progesterone

Transdermal patch

Contains both estrogen and progesterone

Vaginal Ring

Releases a combination of estrogen and progesterone and it surrounds the cervix

Subdermal implants

Two rod-like implants inserted under the skin of the female during her menses or on the seventh day of her menstruation to make sure she will not get pregnant

Hormonal Injections

Contains medroxyprogesterone, a progesterone and is usually given once every 12 weeks

Intrauterine Device

A small, T-shape object containing progesterone that inserted into the uterus via the female reproductive organ

Chemical Barriers

Such as spermicides, vaginal gels and creams and glycerin films are used to caused the death of sperm before they can enter the cervix

Diaphragm

Circular, rubber disk that fits the cervix and should be placed before coitus

Cervical Cap

Made of soft rubber and fitted on the rim of the cervix

Male Condoms

Latex or synthetic rubber sheath that is placed on the erect male reproductive organ before penetration

Female Condoms

Made up of latex rubber sheaths that are pre-lubricated with spermicide

Tubal ligation

• Surgical procedure to prevent pregnancy

• “Getting your tubes tied”

Vasectomy

Small incision is made on each side of the scrotum

Pseudohermaphrodites

formed who are individuals having accessory reproductive structures that do not match their gonads

Ctyptorchidism

condition seen in new borns when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac and can cause sterility

phimosis

narrowing the foreskin of the male reproductive structure and misplaced urethral openings

Hermaphhrodites

having both male and female organs

Puberty

period of life when the reproductive organs grow to their adult size and become funvtional under the influene of risiing levels of gonadal hormones

Escherichia coli

spread through the digestive tract; the sexually transmitted microorganisms

Tumors of the breast and cervix

most common reproductive cancers in females