physics ch 13-14

mirrors, additive + subtractive light, refraction

object

person, place, or thing in front of the mirror

image

reflection of the object in front of the mirror

virtual image

appears to be coming from behind/inside the mirror. seen with flat/convex mirrors

focal point

point at which rays of light meet after reflecting from a mirror. depends on amount of curvature for each mirror

real image

reflected off a mirror onto a piece of paper or onto a wall. projection

image orientation

if image is real, it is inverted. If image is virtual, it is upright.

magnification

the ratio of the height of an object to the image height of the object

what kind of mirror can produce both real and virtual images?

concave

which two mirrors can produce only virtual images?

flat and convex

concave mirror

a reflective surface from the inside of a sphere

convex mirror

a reflective surface on the outside surface of a sphere

light waves are ________ waves (2 answers)

electromagnetic and transverse

all electromagnetic travel at the speed of ________.

light

red, green, blue

primary additive colors (light)

cyan, yellow, magenta

complementary additive colors (light)

white

what color is created by mixing all the primary additive colors together (or a primary with its opposite complementary)?

cyan, yellow, magenta

primary subtractive colors (paint/dye)

red, green, blue

complementary subtractive colors (paint/dye)

black

what color is created by mixing all the primary subtractive colors together (or a primary with its opposite complementary)?

not absorbed

with paints or dyes, the color that is reflected is ________ (absorbed/not absorbed).

green

magenta absorbs ________

red

cyan absorbs ________

blue

yellow absorbs ________

black

If I am wearing a red shirt and a cyan light is shining on me, my shirt appears ________.

green

If I am wearing a green shirt and a yellow light is shining on me, my shirt appears ________.

sunsets

what natural phenomenon is related to scattering?

refraction

the bending of a light wave as it passes between two mediums in which the speed of light differs

normal

The amount of bending is measured from the ________ line.

changes, changes, constant

when light bends, its speed ________,__ its wavelength ________,__ and its frequency is _______

towards

when light moves from a medium with a higher speed of light to one with a lower speed of light, the ray bends ________ the normal line.

index of refraction, n

how much the light will bend when it encounters a medium

index of refraction formula

n = (speed of light, c)/ (speed of light in the medium, v*n*)

Snell’s Law

Determines how much bending will occur at a boundary between two mediums, **index of refraction of incident ray * sine of angle of incidence = index of refraction of refracted ray * sine of angle of refraction**

critical angle

the incident angle which creates an angle of refraction equal to 90 degrees, angle of total internal reflection

what natural phenomenon results from dispersion?

rainbows

dispersion

when the index of refraction varies slightly with the frequency of light. the higher the frequency, the higher the index of refraction. refracted light is “spread out”

The speed of light, c, is equal to the wavelength, m, multiplied by the frequency, Hz

c = λν