TBBOL- Week 5

How are living cells separated from their environment?

By a membrane.

What will fatty acids form around a compartment?

A lipid bilayer.

What allows for small molecules such as sugars and nucleotides to pass through?

Protocells.

Can protocells self-replicate?

Yes.

What cells were found in rocks 3.5 billion years ago in Australia?

Cyanobacteria.

Who coined the term “cell”?

Robert Hooke.

What are cells defined as?

The basic structural and physiological units of all living organisms.

What is cell theory?

Cells are the fundamental units of life and every organism is composed of them.

Where do all cells come from?

Preexisting cells.

Where did modern cells evolve from?

A common ancestor.

What are some of the implications of cell theory?

The functions of all cells are similar, life is continuous and the origin of life was the origin of cells.

What is the cell membrane?

The outer boundary of every cell.

What does the cell membrane consist of?

A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

What are some of the cell membrane’s functions?

Acts as a selectively permeable barrier, homeostasis and communicates and receives signals.

What increases as the cell volume increases?

Chemical activity.

What is essential in many cells?

A high surface area to volume ratio.

What is magnification?

Increasing apparent size.

What is resolution?

Clarity of magnified object.

What are the two basic types of microscopes?

Light and electron.

What are the aspects of light microscopes?

Glass lenses and light.

What are the aspects of electron microscopes?

Electromagnets focus an electron beam.

What are the three domains of life?

Bacteria, archea and eukarya.

What is the definition of prokaryotic?

It has no membrane-enclosed internal compartments.

What is the definition of eukaryotic?

It has membrane-enclosed organelles in which different functions occur.