Western Civ - Unit 2 Exam

The chief palace center of Minoan Crete was __________________.

Knossos

The ______________ were a warrior people who dominated bronze age Greece down to about 1200 BCE

Mycenaeans

The ______________ religion placed an emphasis on the worship of fertility deities

Minoan

During the Age of Pericles, the power of the ________________ was enhanced

democracy

Recently scholars have come to believe that Minoan civilization was weakened enough to be invaded by mainland Greeks in about 1500 BC as a result of a _______________ caused by a volcanic eruption.

tsunami

The Iliad mainly showcases the ________________ class of Greece

aristocratic class of greece

The Greek ______________ ________________ was a primitive period of sparse population, migrations, and declining food production.

Dark Age

T or F - The typical Greek polis had a population of between 90,000 and 100,000 citizens.

False

T or F - Solon is credited with the creation of a large Athenian navy

False

The immediate cause of the Persian Wars was a revolt by ______________ ______________ colonies in Asia Minor.

Ionian Greek

The reforms of Pisistratus tended to shift the focus of Athenian government back to the city __________ and traders and away from the country ____________ and landholding aristocrats.

merchants, farmers

The _______________ _________________was defensive alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens after the Persian war.

Delian League

________________ was an Athenian statesman who established the ten tribes and who weakened the aristocracy and increased the authority of the ordinary citizens.

Cleisthenes

Tyranny in the Greek polis arose as a reaction to the Aristocratic power and a widening gulf between the _____________ and the ____________.

rich, poor

At the Battle of Marathon, ________________ won and __________ was defeated.

Greeks, Persia

The Lycurgan reforms resulted in establishment of a permanent military state in ______.

Sparta

The neighbors of the Spartans who were free inhabitants and required to pay taxes and perform military service but who were not citizens of Sparta were called _________________.

Perioikoi

The people of Sparta had the major objective of keeping their city state ______________.

powerful

In Sparta, the ________were people defeated in battle and forced to work the land for the Spartans.

helots

The ______ was a band of young people who practiced state terrorism as part of the rite of passage to manhood

Krypteia

By the sixth century BC., to balance the power of kings and the council of elders, Spartan political reformers created the ___________________.

ephors

Athens was able to hold out during much of the Peloponnesian War partly as a result of it's a) ___________________ and b) ________________.

city walls, navy

_________ was the Hellenistic dynasty that lasted the longest.

The Ptolemaic Kingdom

After the _______________ War the city-states of Greece continued to fight on and off for the next several decades.

Peloponnesian

T or F - The Parthenon was site where people came to consult with the Delphic Oracles

False

The man credited with being the father of history was _____________.

Herodotus

The greatest 5th century BC Greek comic playwright was ____________.

Aristophanes

Greek playwright who vigorously criticized war, prejudice, hypocrisy, and greed was ____________.

Euripides

The Hellenistic era describes an age that saw the extension and imitation of ______________ culture throughout the ancient Near _________.

Greek, East

The pre-Socratic philosophers differed from the views of earlier Greeks because of their search for natural explanations of the cosmos using _____________ and ____________.

reason, observation

_________________considered his major purpose in life to be urging his fellow Athenians to examine their lives and opinions

Socrates

Plato's philosophical views were based on his ____________ of _____________.

theory of forms

One of Aristotle's greatest contributions to philosophy was his organization of the major areas of ______________________ _________________ (two words).

Human knowledge

The Spartans were descendants of the _________________.

Dorians

The British archaeologist credited with discovering and excavating Knossos was Sir ______________ ___________ (first and last name)

Arthur Evans

The _______________ depicted the ideal government and society

Republic

The Greek historian Thucydides differed from Herodotus in that the Thucydides was unconcerned with ___________ ____________ as a factor in history.

spiritual forces

In the aftermath of the Battle of Gaugamela, ___________ was killed by one of his own men.

Darius III

Why did Alexander the Great not press further east near the Indus River?

His men did not want to and were homesick

After Alexander the Great died in 323 BCE fighting broke out amongst ___________ ____________.

his generals fought for control

Before Philip II, the Macedonians were a rural people organized in _____________ & considered backwards by southern Greece.

tribes

Socrates was condemned to death for corrupting the ________________ of Athens.

youth

T or F- The complete destruction of Athens for its leadership in the struggle against Macedonia was a result of the Battle of Chaeronea.

False

Alexander the Great's conquest of Asia occurred despite his troops want to go _________.

home

_______________'s fear of the power of _______________ and its maritime empire was a cause of the Peloponnesian War.

Sparta, Athens

Alexander's military success against the Persians attributable to his use of ___________.

cavalry as a strike force

Early Greek philosophy attempted to explain the ______________ on the basis of unifying principles.

universe

During the migrations of the Greek Dark Age, many ___________ Greeks crossed the ________ Sea to settle in Asia Minor.

Ionian, Aegean

Sparta led a group of Greek allies and defeated the Persians at the Battle of _________.

Plataea

The ________________ War resulted in the defeat of Athens and the collapse of its empire.

Peloponnesian