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What is mass number?
MASS NUMBER (or RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS/RAM) is the number of PROTONS + NEUTRONS in a nucleus. (The bigger number)
What is the atomic number?
ATOMIC NUMBER is the number of PROTONS in a nucleus. e.g carbon atoms always have 6 protons. An ATOM must also have this number of ELECTRONS in order to be neutral. If not, it is an ION instead.
Why are some mass numbers not whole numbers?
These are an AVERAGE mass of all isotopes.
What are isotopes?
ISOTOPES: Same element, different numbers of neutrons.