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Medieval churches were…
Very small
Based on the Roman Basilica
Cathedral in Salisbury
Replaced Old Sarum
Tower added later c. 1330
Bowing columns
Arches…
Round (Roman)
Islamic (mosque in Cordoba)
Pointed arches (stone) - Less flammable than wood ceiling
Scissors Arches
Other key features..
Flying buttresses
Basic shapes…
Basilica
The cross
Abbot’s kicthen
Sole surviving medieval kitchen
Ideal medieval castle location…
Hilltop overlooking river
Access to water
Advantage of high ground
River fords/bridges
Ditch
Wooden palisade
Angle/corner tower
Multiple layers of walls
Krak des Chevaliers
Original fort: 1031
Expanded and HQ
Sustained substantial damage in recent war
Castel de Monte
Italian octagonal fort
Significant architecture contributions…
Flying buttresses, the windmill