BIOL215 Cardiovascular System: Blood Part 1 Exam 1

Components of Cardiovacular System

Heart

Blood Vessels

Blood

Functions of Blood

1. Transportation

2. Regulation of pH and Osmosis

3. Maintenance of body temp.

4. Protection against forgeign substances

5. Clot formation

What does blood transport?

Gases, nutrients, waste products, processed molecules, regulatory molecules

What does the Bicarbonate buffer system do?

It maintains blood pH in the normal range of 7.35-7.45

What does the osmotic composition of blood do?

It maintains normal fluid and ion balance.

What does blood protect against?

Forein substances such as microorganisms and toxins.

What does Clot formation do?

Protects against excessive blood loss when blood vessels are damaged.

What is the first step of Tissue Repair?

Clot formation.

What is the Composition of Blood?

1.Blood

2.Liquid

3.Formed Elements

What percent does Plasma make up in the blood?

55% of total blood volume

What percent does Formed Elements make up in the blood.

45% of total blood volume

What is the the total blood volume for Males and Females?

Males: 5-6 Liters

Females: 4-5 Liters

What type of Tissue is Blood?

Connective tissue with liquid matrix containing cells and cell fragments.

What is the Liquid in Blood called?

Plasma

What are the Formed Elements made up of?

Cells and cell fragments.

What is anemia?

lack of red blood cells

What is Polycythemia?

Too many Red Blood cells

What are the 3 classes of Proteins found in Plasma?

1.Albumins

2.Globulins

3.Fibrinogens

What is the functions of Albumins

It functions in viscousity, osmotic pressure, and transportation.

What do Globulins involve?

It involves transport and immunity.

What do Fibrinogens involve?

They are involved in blood clotting.

What is Serum?

Plasma without clotting factors.

What does Plasma Contain?

1. Ions

2. Nutrients

3.Waste Products

4. Gases

5. Regulatory Substances

What are the three components of Formed Elements?

1.Erythrocytes

2.Leukocytes

3.Thrombocytes

What is the process of creating Formed Elements (process of blood cell production)?

Hematopoiesis or Hemopoiesis

Hemato or Hemo means what

Blood

Poiesis means what?

Creation

How does Hematopoesis begin?

Begins with Stem Cells

All formed elements are derived from what?

Hemocytoplasts

What are the two stem cell lineages derived from Hemocytoblasts?

Myeloid Stem Cells

Lymphoid Stem Cells

What do Lymphoid Stem cells become?

Lymphocytes

What does Myeloid Stem cells become?

Everything else except Lymphocytes.

What is the structure of RBC's

Bi-Concave discs

What does the prefix 'a-' mean?

Without

Anucleate means?

Without a Nucelus

How much Hemoglobin is contained per RBC?

250-280 million molecules per RBC.

What % of oxygen from the lungs in attached to hemoglobin?

98.5%

Where is the rest of oxygen dissolved?

1.5% of oxygen is dissolved in plasma.

What % of Carbon Dioxide is dissolved in Plasma?

7% of Carbon Dioxide is dissolved in the Lungs.

What % of Carbon Dioxide is in Combination with Hemoglobin?

23%

What is the rest of the 70% of carbon transorted as?

Bicarbonate Ions