AP World 4.2

Mercantilism

the theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys

trading post empire

a series of forts stretching from Hormuz to Malacca. Based on small outposts in to ensure control of trade

Manila

Capital of Philippines

Prince Henry the Navigator

First European monarch to sponsor seafaring expeditions, searching for an all-water route to the east and for African gold.

Galleons

heavily armed Spanish ships

Christopher Columbus

He mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India. Supported by Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand.

Bartholomew Diaz

First European to reach the southern tip of Africa (1487-1488).

Vasco da Gama

the first European to reach India by sea sailing around the tip of Africa. Expanded Portugal trade

Ferdinand Magellan

Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world. Died in the Philippine Islands in 1522.

Northwest Passage

a route through or around North America that would lead to East Asia.

Jacques Cartier

French explorer that sailed from the Atlantic Ocean into the St. Lawrence River at todays northern U.S. border. Claimed part of Canada for France.

Samuel de Champlain

Realized there were valuable goods and rich resources available in the Americas, so there was no need to go beyond to Asia. Established Quebec.

John Cabot

English explorer who claimed Newfoundland for England while looking for Northwest Passage.

Henry Hudson

An English explorer who explored for the Dutch. He claimed the Hudson River around present day New York and called it New Netherland. He also had the Hudson Bay named after him.

Quebec

Town and trading post in North America, founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1608

New France

French colony in North America (1754)

Jamestown

(1607) English colonists built Jamestown on the James River. Named after the monarch James I. One of the earliest colonies.

New Amsterdam

Community on the tip of Manhattan island. Known as New York today.