Teaching as a Profession

Models of Effective Teaching

Initial Professional Education-

Professionals generally begin their professional lives by completing a university program in their chosen fields- teacher education, engineering, nursing, Accountancy. This means long and arduous years of preparation. Take note this is just initial,which means only the beginning because a professional is expected to learn endlessly.

Accreditation-

University programs are approved by a regulatory body like the Commission

on Higher Education

(CHED) in the Philippines to ensure that graduates from these recognized programs start their

professional lives with competence.

licensing

mandatory, not voluntary and is administered by a government authority. In the Philippines, this government authority is the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC).

Professional Development

This is an ongoing professional education that maintains or improves professionals' knowledge

and skills after they begin professional practice. In the Philippines this is Continuing

Professional Development mandated by RA

10912, otherwise known as the CPD Act of 2016.

Professional Societies

Professionals see themselves as part of a community of like-minded individuals who put their professional standards above the individual self-interest or their employer's self-interest.

These professional put dedication to the public interest and commitment to moral and ethical

values.

the code of ethics

to ensure that its practitioners behave responsibly. The

code states what professionals should do. Professionals can be ejected from their professional

societies or lose their licenses to practice for violating the

Presidential Decree 1006

The first legal document that professionalized teaching was ______ issued by then President Ferdinand E. Marcos.

1976 with PD 1006

It was only in _____ known as the Decree Professionalizing Teaching that teachers in the

Philippines became professionalized.

1994, R. A 7836,

_____otherwise known as the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994, was passed to .. "promote licenity education by proper supervision and regulation of the licensure examination and professionalization of the practice,of the teaching profession."

there was no established formal schooling

During the pre-Hispanic period,________ in the country. So

there was no formal preparation for teachers, too. The mothers and fathers and tribal leaders served as teachers at home and in the community.

Decree of 1863

During the Spanish period and by virtue of Educational __________ free public school

system was established. There was one school for boys and another school for girls in every municipality.

1875

Normal schools for women were not

established until ____

August 4, 1765

The foundations of teacher education in the Philippines were laid by the Spanish government

during the mid-eighteenth century. It is said to have begun on________ , when King

Charles of Spain issued a Royal Decree requiring each village to have a "maestro."

American soldiers

served as the first teachers after the spanish rule ended

law Act 74

In 1901, the

Philippine Commission enacted into _________ which created the Department of Public

Instruction, laid the education for Filipinos.

Thomasites

the pensionados

There was a shortage of teachers. The Philippine Commission authorized the Secretary of Public Instruction to bring to

the Philippines 600 teachers from USA. They were the 1._____. Due to urgent need for

teachers, the Americans gave bright young Filipino students opportunity to take up higher

education in American colleges and universities financed by the Phil. Government. They were 2._____

four years only in 1949

This means that the present four-year preparation for

the professional teacher began as a two-year program only. Teacher preparation became_________ and thereafter.

"vocare"

Vocation comes from the Latin word ______ which means to call. Based on the etymology of

the word, vocation, therefore, means a call. If there is a call, there must be a caller an someone who is called.

to send.

. The word mission comes from the Latin word "mission" which means "_______-" The Webster's New sent to accomplish an assigned task. Collegiate Dictionary defines mission as "task assigned.

What is PPST

Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers

Robert Marzano's Causal Teacher Evaluation Model of four domains

Classroom strategies and behaviors-

Planning and Preparing

Reflection on Teaching

Reflection on Teaching

Classroom strategies and behaviors

involve routine events such as communicating learning goals and feedback and establishing rules and procedures involve addressing content by helping students interact with new knowledge, practice and deepen new knowledgehelping students generate and test hypotheses involve events enacted on the spot such as engaging students, recognizing adherence to rules and procedures, establishing and maintaining effective relationships with students and communicating high expectations for all students

Planning and Preparing

-- planning and preparing for lessons

- for use of technology

- for needs of students receiving Special education

- for needs of students who lack support for schooling

Reflection on Teaching

- evaluating personal performance such as identifying areas of pedagogical strengths and weaknesses

- developing, implementing and monitoring a professional growth plan

Collegiality and Professionalism

-promoting positive interactions with colleagues, students and parents

- seeking mentorship for areas of need/interest

- mentoring other teachers and sharing ideas and strategies

- adhering to school rules and procedures

- participating in school initiatives

Charlotte Danielson Framework for Teaching

1. Planning and Preparation

2. The Classroom Environment

3. Instruction

4. Professional Responsibilities

- reflecting on teaching- maintaining accurate records

- communicating with families

- participating in the professional community growing professionally

- showing professionalism

James Stronge- Teacher Effectiveness Performance Evaluation System (TEPES) System: Seven performance standards:

1. Professional Knowledge

2. Instructional Planning

3. Instructional Delivery

4. Assessment of/for Learning

5. The Learning Environment

6. Professionalism

7. Student Progress

Professionalism-

maintains a commitment to professional ethics,communicates effectively and takes responsibility for and participates in professional growth that results in enhanced learning

Student Progress-

the work of the teacher results in acceptable, measurable and appropriate student academic progress.

The McREL model

(Mid-Continent Research for Education and Learning)

1. Teachers demonstrate leadership.

- lead in their classrooms

- demonstrate leadership in the school

- lead the teaching profession- advocate for schools and students

- demonstrate high ethical standards

2. Teachers establish a respectful environment for a diverse population of students.

3. Teachers know the content they teach.

4. Teachers facilitate learning for their students.

5. Teachers reflect on their practices.

A: It defines professional competencies in 7 domains, 37 strands, and 148 performance indicators for four career stages.

What does the PPST define for teachers?

Teachers must:

Recognize its interconnectedness within and across curriculum areas.

Apply theories and principles of teaching and learning.

Use developmentally appropriate pedagogy grounded in research.

Display proficiency in Mother Tongue, Filipino, and English.

What is the importance of mastery of content knowledge for teachers?

A: By creating:

Safe, secure, fair, and supportive spaces.

Intellectually challenging and stimulating activities.

Constructive classroom interactions for high standards of learning.

How should teachers facilitate a safe and effective learning environment?

A: Teachers must:

Respect diverse characteristics and experiences.

Plan differentiated teaching practices.

Celebrate diversity to help learners become successful global citizens.

How should teachers address learner diversity?

Translate curriculum content into relevant and effective learning activities.

Design contextually relevant and well-structured lessons individually or collaboratively.

What is the role of teachers in interacting with the curriculum?

A: They:

Apply varied tools to evaluate and report learners' needs and progress.

Use assessment data to enhance teaching programs.

Provide feedback to inform learning outcomes and improve teaching.

How do teachers use assessment effectively?

A:

Build school-community partnerships.

Enrich the learning environment by linking classroom activities to community interests.

How should teachers engage with the community?

A: Teachers should:

Foster accountability, transparency, and harmonious relationships.

Maintain integrity, care, and respect in their professional role.

What professional ethics must teachers uphold?

A: Teachers should value reflection, continuous learning, and professional development to improve their practice.

What is the importance of personal and professional growth for teachers?

Prepared-

come to class each day ready to teach

Positive-

have optimistic attitudes about teaching and about students

Hold high expectations

- set no limits on students and believe everyone can be successful

Creative

- are resourceful and inventive in how they teach their classes

Fair-

handle students and grading fairly

Display a personal touch

- approachable

Cultivate a sense of belonging-

have a way to make students feel welcome and

comfortable in their classrooms

Compassionate

- are concerned about students' personal problems and can relate to them and their problems

Have a sense of humor-

make learning fun and do not take everything seriously

Respect students

- do not deliberately embarrass students: teachers who give the highest respect get the highes respect

Forgiving-

do not hold grudges

Admit mistakes-

quick to admit being wrong

A: A teacher shall live with dignity at all time

What does Article XI of the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers state about living with dignity?

A: Teachers must place premium on self-respect and self-discipline as principles of personal behavior in all relationships and situations.

How should teachers demonstrate self-respect and self-discipline?

A: Teachers must maintain a dignified personality that serves as a model worthy of emulation by learners, peers, and others.

What personality traits should a teacher maintain according to the Code of Ethics?

A: A teacher shall recognize the Almighty God or being as the guide of their destiny and the destinies of others.

How does the Code of Ethics emphasize recognizing a higher power?

A: Integrity involves being a worthy example for pupils, fellow teachers, and the community, not just through teaching the 3R's but by fostering habits, attitudes, and character formation.

Q: According to Republic Act 4670, what is the importance of integrity in a teacher's role?

A: Traits such as living with dignity, self-respect, self-discipline, and being a role model are manifestations of professionalism.

What personal traits from the Code of Ethics highlight professionalism?

A: A teacher's manner of living should serve as an example for students, fellow teachers, and the community, enriching their lives.

How does a teacher's lifestyle reflect professionalism?