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Socialization
the process by which people learn the expectations of society.
Desocialization
the process of unlearning.
Resocialization
Relearning/learning the new expectations of society
Anticipatory Socialization
Anticipating the new values and expectations you will have to learn in the future
Self-concept
the way you perceive yourself
the looking-glass self
how you use other people's reactions around you to perceive yourself.
significant others,
people who are important in your life, therefore their influence and opinions on you affect you greatly
role-taking
How the role you take and it’s responsibilities affect the way you perceive yourself the generalized other
the generalized other
the understanding that your self concept is a combination of your characteristics and the influence of society
functionalism
Stresses the ways in which groups work together to create a stable society
functionalism ex
schools, and family socialize children by teaching them the same basic norms, beliefs, and values
conflict theory
Views socialization as a way of perpetuating the same status quo
conflict theory ex
people are socialized to accept their family’s social class, which helps to preserve the current class system
symbolic interaction theory analyze socialization differently
a process in which members of society act with each other through language and mimicry to encourage other people to take on comparable behaviors.
What are the agents of socialization?
Family, Peers, School, Mass media, Sports, Religion
Extreme Isolation (Learning to be human) – Kingsley Davis
Anna was neglected and locked up in a basement, when discovered she was unable to catch up with her peers and died at the age of 12. Isabella was raised by a deaf and mute mother and while she was also heavily neglected she had the capacity to be resocialized because of the affection from her mother.
Genie the Wild Child
Genie was heavily neglected and abused by her father who would beat her, growl and bark at her, only feed her liquids, tie her up to a potty chair, and force the entire household to not make any noise. She didn’t make much development when saved and is now staying in a home.
The Wolfpack
Big group of teen siblings who grew up exclusively in an apartment in new york, turned to film making for entertainment.
Sex
Biological determination of the male of female sex depending on the body
Gender
the expectations of being male or female
Biological Determinism
The belief that you act the way you do due to hormones
Human capital theory
Men are paid more because they bring in more money
Dual labor market theory
Because men and women work in different parts of the economy (women work in lower paying industries) their pay is uneven
functionalism:
believes we have gender roles and expectations because it works for society
Conflict theory
We live in a patriarchal society that is in favor of men and discourage women from succeeding