TTU ANSC 1401 Cattle Vocab

Texas Tech University, Dr. Jackson

Veal

young cow meat, fed primarily milk

4 Major sectors of US Beef Industry

1. Seed stock producers

2. Commercial cow-calf producers

3. Yearling or stocker operators

4. Feedlot finishing operations

Bovine

Cow species name

Bull/Bullocks

Male uncastrated

Steer

Castrated male

Dry Cow

Doesn’t produce milk

Cow

Female

Heifer

Female before giving birth

First calf heifer

More susceptible to calving difficulties, young, not fully developed, small pelvis size, highest death loss of calves

Calf

under a year old

Yearlings

about a year old

Calf crop

yearly output of a set of cows, want to increased this percentage

Free Martinism

twin heifer to a bull calf, not likely to be fertile due to underdeveloped reproductive tract (too much testosterone)

Heiferette

female that calved that wasn’t supposed to, young skeleton that looks old

Palatability

a measure of how acceptable meat is, steer > bulls

Seed Stock Production

the primary goal of this industry is to produce breeding stock

Expected Progeny Differences (EPD)

predictions of the genetic transmitting ability of a parent to its offspring; used to make selection decisions for traits desired in the breed

Commercial Cow-Calf Production

their goals are to produce the heaviest calves possible with the least cost

Yearling or Stocker Operators

their goals are growing calves to heavier weights on low-priced forage before the calves enter the feedlot

Feedlot Operations

“finishing phase”; 600lb to 850lb cattle are finished to market weight and condition in confinement

Longhorn

Longhorn cow

Longhorn steers

Shorthorn

Shorthorn

Shorthorn

Shorthorn heifer

1950s Shorthorns

Subcutaneous fat

Fat below skin, keeps cattle warm

Seam fat

Fat between muscles, makes animals wider

Marbling fat

Fat within muscles, impacts palatability

Hereford bull

Hereford bull

Hereford Cow with crossbred calf

Herefords in snow country

Polled Hereford

Mini Hereford

Angus Bull

Angus Heifer

Angus pair

Early 50s International Angus Champ

Red Angus Bull

Red Angus Pairs

Black Baldy (HerefordxAngus)

Galloway

Belted Galloway

Dun Galloway

Scotch Highland Bull

Scotch Highland Bull

Red Poll Bull

Red Poll Bull

South Devon Bull

South Devon Cow

Murray Grey (AngusxShorthorn)

Charolais

Charolais Cow

Charolais Cows

Double Muscled Charolais Bull

Simmental in Switzerland

Simmental

Simmental-Black/Red Angus Red

Simmental Bull

Limousin

Limousin Bull

Limousin Bull

Limousin Bull

Chianina Bull

Chianina Bull

Chianina Bull

Chianina Bull

Maine Anjou

Maine Anjou

Maine Anjou

Pinzgauer

Pinzgauer

Gelbvieh

Gelbvieh

Tarentaise

Tarentaise

Belgian Blue and Belgian White

Belgian Blue

Belgian Blue

Permontese

Braunvieh

Salers (Suh’Lair)

American Brahman

Brahman Cow

Tiger Stripe Cow

Tiger Stripe Cow

Nellore

Guzerat

Indu-Brazil

Santa Gertrudis (5/8 Shorthorn 3/8 Brahman)

Santa Cruz (Shorthorn, Brahman, Red Angus, Gelbvieh)

Brangus (5/8 Angus 3/8 Brahman)

Brangus Pair (5/8 Angus 3/8 Brahman)

Brangus Bull (5/8 Angus 3/8 Brahman)

Braford (HerefordxBrahman)

Beefmaster (Brahman, Shorthorn, Brown Swiss, Hereford)

Beefmaster (Brahman, Shorthorn, Brown Swiss, Hereford)