APUSH Unit 6
Gilded Age 💰
Republican Economic Policies 🏛
Laissez-faire economics: A policy of minimal government intervention in the economy.
Laissez-faire is a French term that literally translates to "let it be." It advocates for free markets with limited government regulation.
Hard money vs. Soft money: A debate over the nation's monetary policy. Hard money advocates favored a currency backed by gold, while soft money advocates supported a more flexible system.
Tariff issue: High tariffs protected American industries but also raised prices for consumers and sparked international trade disputes.
Presidents & Political Parties 🇺🇸
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to provide details on specific presidents and their political parties during the Gilded Age.
Waving the Bloody Shirt & the G.A.R. 🩸
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to describe "Waving the Bloody Shirt" and the Grand Army of the Republic (G.A.R.).
Stalwarts vs. Half-Breeds ⚖
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to detail the differences between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds within the Republican party.
Conditions for the Working Class 👷♀
Unskilled workers lacked significant legal protection, leading to poor working conditions and low wages.
Pendleton Act 📜
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to describe the Pendleton Act and its impact.
Grant Administration Scandals 🚨
Credit Mobilier: A scandal involving the Union Pacific Railroad.
Whiskey Ring: A conspiracy to defraud the government of tax revenue on whiskey.
Belknap Scandal: Involved Secretary of War William Belknap.
Gould's Gold Conspiracy: A scheme to manipulate the gold market.
Labor Unions 💪
Knights of Labor: A broad-based labor organization.
American Federation of Labor (AFL): A skilled-labor union focused on collective bargaining.
Samuel Gompers 🗣
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to describe Samuel Gompers' role in the labor movement.
Closed Shop, Collective Bargaining, Yellow-Dog Contracts 🤝 🚫🤝
Closed shop: A workplace where only union members are employed.
Collective bargaining: Negotiation between employers and unions.
Yellow-dog contract: An agreement where workers promise not to join a union.
Scientific Management/Taylorism ⚙
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to explain scientific management and Taylorism.
Labor Disputes and Strikes 💥
Great Railroad Strike of 1877: A widespread strike that disrupted rail traffic.
Homestead Strike: A violent strike at a Carnegie Steel plant.
Haymarket Square Riot: A protest that turned violent.
Pullman Strike: A strike against the Pullman Palace Car Company.
New Immigrants 🚢
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to describe the characteristics of New Immigrants during this period.
Urbanization 🏙
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to discuss the growth of cities during the Gilded Age.
Jane Addams & Hull House 🏠
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Mugwumps 🧐
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Election of 1876 & the Compromise of 1877 🗳
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to explain the Election of 1876 and the Compromise of 1877.
Legitimate Roles of the Federal Government in the Economy ⚖
Land grants: The government provided land to support infrastructure projects.
Subsidies: Financial aid from the government to support industries.
Federal troops: Used to quell labor unrest and enforce laws.
Court injunctions: Court orders used to stop strikes and other labor actions.
Regulations: Government oversight and rules for businesses.
Railroads, Standard Oil, Homestead Steel, U.S. Steel 🚂 🛢 🏭
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to elaborate on these influential companies.
Horizontal & Vertical Integration 📊
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Robber Barons/Captains of Industry 👑
John D. Rockefeller: Founder of Standard Oil.
Andrew Carnegie: Steel magnate.
J.P. Morgan: Financier and banker.
Cornelius Vanderbilt: Railroad tycoon.
Gospel of Wealth 💸
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Ida B. Wells-Barnett ✊🏾
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Sharecropping & Tenant Farming 🌾
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to explain these agricultural practices.
The Granger Movement & The Farmers' Alliances 🤝
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Populists 🌾
Omaha Platform: The Populist Party's political platform.
Ocala Demands: A list of demands from the Farmers' Alliance.
Tom Watson, James Weaver, Mary E. Lease: Prominent Populist figures. This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to elaborate on their contributions.
Munn v. Illinois & Peik v. Chicago, Wabash Cases & the Minnesota Rates Cases ⚖
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to summarize these important Supreme Court cases.
Interlocking/Combined Directorate, Trust, Holding Company 🔗
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Solid South 🔴
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to discuss the political dominance of the Democratic Party in the South.
Interstate Commerce Act & Sherman Anti-Trust Act 📜
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Chinese Exclusion Act 🚫
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Louis Sullivan & the Skyscraper 🏢
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to discuss Louis Sullivan's contributions to architecture.
Morrill & Hatch Acts 📚
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Henry Grady & the "New South" 🌱
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Social Darwinism & Supporters 🐒
Herbert Spencer & William Graham Sumner: Prominent proponents of Social Darwinism. This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to explain Social Darwinism.
Social Gospel ⛪
This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to explain the Social Gospel movement.
Women's Suffrage Movement 🚺
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Booker T. Washington 🗣
Atlanta Cotton Exposition & Compromise Speech: This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to discuss Booker T. Washington's speech and its significance.
W.E.B. Du Bois, George Washington Carver 🧑🏾🔬
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Exodusters 🚶🏾♀️
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Plessy v. Ferguson ⚖
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Consumerism & Department Stores (e.g., Sears & Montgomery Ward) 🛍
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Disparity in Wealth 💰📉
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Thomas Nast, Samuel Tilden, Boss Tweed & Political Machines 📰 🎩
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Indian Wars 🏹
Sand Creek Massacre, Battle of Little Big Horn, Wounded Knee Massacre: This section requires further information from the lecture transcript to describe these conflicts.
Fort Laramie & Other Brokered Treaties 📜
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Dawes Severalty Act 📄
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Ghost Dance 👻
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F.J. Turner's Frontier Thesis & W.J. Bryan's "Cross of Gold" Speech 📜
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