Antimicrobial selection in food animal medicine

What is the first step in the antimicrobial decision-making process?

Is an antibiotic necessary

When deciding if you want to use an antibiotic you want to compare the potential clinical benefit verses what?

1. Treatment costs

2. Potential for violative residues

3. Potential for adverse drug events

4. Selection for AMR

What can we use to determine the legality of an antimicrobial?

AMDUCA

Prohibited

How can we determine the efficacy of an antibiotic?

Drug spectrum

AST

Clinical experience

Drug label

How can we determine the safety of an antibacterial?

Patient safety

Administrator safety

Food produce safety (residues)

How can we determine the owner compliance of an antibiotic?

Dosing regimen (route and frequency)

Cost

T/F florcon is a fluoroquinolone and is not allowed for extra label use in large animals?

False

W

What is danofloxacin labeled for?

BRD

What is mikotil?

Tilmicosin

What is mikotil (tilmicosin) labeled for?

BRD associated with Manheimia haemolyitca, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni

Why would we not want to use Micotil (Tilmicosin)?

It has a 45 day withdrawal time

Dairy cattle

Can hurt human

What is sustain III?

Sulfamethazine

Why would we not use Sustain III (sulfamethazine) for BRD?

Dairy calves older than 20 months old

You have to oral bolus each calf

What is polyflex?

Ampicillin

Why would we not use polyflex (ampicillin) for BRD?

Mycoplasma is a likely pathogen and it does not cover it

Requires multiday dosage

What is NuFlor?

Florfenicol

Why would we not use florfenicol for a BRD case?

Expensive

Hard to pull up

What is excede?

CFA Ceftiofur

Why would we not use CFA ceftiofur for a BRD case?

Requires injection at base of the ear

Does not cover mycoplasma

What is Bio Mycin?

Oxytetracycline

Why would we not use BioMycin for a BRD case?

Resistance

How do you dose danofloxacin?

Single or multi

How do you dose Ceftiofur CFA?

Single

How do you dose sulfamethazine?

Single

How do you dose florfenicol?

Single or multi

How do you dose oxytetracycline?

Single or multi

How do you dose tilmicosin?

Single

How do you dose ampicillin?

Multi

What can injection of tilmicosin (micotil) do in humans?

Can be fatal to humans. Do not use if workers are poorly trained

What are some precautions of danofloxacin?

CNS stimulation

Cartilage damage in young animals

What are some safety concerns of micotil (tilmicosin) in attle?

Anaphylaxis, swelling

What are the primary BRD pathogens?

Mannheimia haemolytica

Pasteurella multocida

HIstophilus somni (gram negative anaerobe)

Mycoplasma bovis

What drugs can be used for the control of BRD?

Exceed

Danofloxacin

Florphenicol

What drugs have a short withdrawal time and can treat BRD?

Danofloxacin

Ampicillin

Sulfas can be ok (12 days)

Ceftiofur can be ok (13 days)

What drugs can be used in lactating dairy cattle with BRD?

Ceftiofur

Ampicillin

Oxytetracycline

Florfenicol (extra label but can be used technically) (long withdraw time)

Tilmicosin (long milk withdrawal time)

At what age are you no longer allowed to use sulfas in dairy cattle?

Older than 20 months

What is the milk withdrawal time for ceftiofur?

None