INPATIENT UNIT 1.1

Pharmacists

works with physicians and nurses to plan and monitor appropriate drug therapy?

Medical Technicians

assists the nursing personnel and ensure the needs of the patients are being met?

Physicians

makes rounds, monitors the conditions of the patient, and prescribes medications?

Pharmacy Technicians

assists pharmacists to ensure patients receive the appropriate drug therapy?

Nurses

monitors the patient's vital signs, administers medications, and ensures the Doctor's Orders are carried out?

Admixture

sterile solutions for parenteral use made by combining two or more parenteral products

Aseptic

free from the presence of microorganisms, generally used in pharmacy to describe the technique used to make sterile products

Parenteral

product that is introduced into the body via a needle

Stability

amount of time that can elapse before the drug degrades and cannot deliver 90 percent or more of the labeled amount (normally in a 24 hour period of time)

BP

blood pressure

GSW

gun shot wound

NKDA

no known drug allergies

NPO

nothing by mouth

PEC

pre-existing condition

RTD

return to duty

Army inpatient form

DA Form 4256

Navy inpatient form

SF 508

Air Force inpatient form

AF Form 3066-1

Intermittent drug therapy

-MED

-IVP

-IVPB

Continuous drug therapy

-IVF

-IVD

-TPN

Base Solutions

Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W), Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl), and Lactated Ringers (LR)

Factors that help determine an appropriate dose for a sterile product

-age

-weight

-BSA

-pre-existing conditions

Intermittent drug therapy definition

evenly spaced intervals with finite interruptions

Continuous drug therapy definition

constant administration of fluids over hours or days

IVF

IV infusion of fluids with or without additives (mL/hr)

IVD

IV infusions of fluids with a medication (mg/kg/hr)

TPN

Infusion of nutrients for patients unable to eat ("melting pot")

IVP

Medication pushed directly into the patient's vein

IVPB

Infusion of a second solution through an established primary site

MED

Order that doesn't enter the body by IV or injection

Ways patients are admitted to the hospital

-Admitted from the ER

-Scheduled surgical procedure

-Transfer from another facility

Patient identification information located on the left side of the doctor's orders

-patient's full name

-social security

-room number

-PEC

-height and weight

-medication allergies

-diagnosis

Patient treatment plan information located on the right side of the doctor's orders

-medications

-lab work

-dietary restrictions

Responsibilities of the inpatient pharmacy

-Maintain patient profiles

-Fill, check, and deliver unit dose carts

-Fill, check, and deliver unit/ward stock orders

-Pre-pack and unit dose medications

-Prepare and deliver intravenous products

-Maintain emergency drug trays/kits

Advantages of parenteral administration

-Immediate physiologic response

-Bypasses the GI tract

-Uncooperative, nauseated or unconscious patients

-Gives the physician control of drug therapy

-Prolongs drug action

-Provides a means of correcting serious disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balances

Fractional saline and forms they come in

Percentage solution based off of 0.9% NaCl

-1/2 Normal Saline (0.45% NS)

-1/3 Normal Saline (0.3% NS)

-1/4 Normal Saline (0.225% NS)

Disadvantages of parenteral administration

-Must be administered by trained professional

-Must use aseptic procedures during preparation and administration

-Very real risk of infection

-Painful

-Difficult to reverse physiologic effects

-More expensive than oral therapy

Indications for continuous fluid therapy

-Basic nutrition

-Restoration and maintenance of fluids

-Maintain IV access

-Drug therapy

Isotonic

cell neither shrinks nor swells

Hypertonic

water moves out of cell causing it to shrink

Hypotonic

water moves into the cell causing it to swell

Tonicity

relative concentration of the solute concentration inside a cell with respect to the concentration outside the cell

Three routes of administration for fluid & electrolyte therapy

-Oral route

-Intravenous route

-Nasogastric route

Infection control

series of processes that individuals or organizations can take to prevent the spread of infectious diseases

Components needed for an infection to spread

-Source

-Susceptible person

-Transmission

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

preventative control measure that describes the specialized clothing or equipment that is used to protect against infections