GCSE Biology B5 Homeostasis and Response Revision

These flashcards focus on key vocabulary and definitions related to homeostasis and response in GCSE Biology.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism.

Negative Feedback

A control mechanism that counteracts changes to return a system to its set point.

Insulin

A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels.

Glucagon

A hormone secreted by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose.

Glycogen

A stored form of glucose found in the liver and muscle cells.

Type 1 Diabetes

A condition where the body cannot produce insulin due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

Type 2 Diabetes

A condition characterized by insulin resistance or inadequate insulin production.

Receptors

Cells or structures that detect changes in the environment and send signals to the nervous system.

Coordination Centre

The part of the nervous system that processes signals from receptors and coordinates the body's responses.

Effectors

Muscles or glands that carry out the response to a detected change.

Adrenaline

A hormone that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' by increasing heart rate and energy availability.

Thyroxine

A hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism.

Oestrogen

A hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle and plays a critical role in female reproductive health.

Progesterone

A hormone involved in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy.

LH (Luteinising Hormone)

A hormone that triggers ovulation and the production of reproductive hormones.

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

A hormone that stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in females and sperm production in males.

IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

A medical procedure where an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body.

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

A hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body by affecting kidney tubule permeability.

Phototropism

The growth of a plant in response to light direction.

Auxins

Plant hormones that promote cell elongation and are involved in growth responses.

Gibberellins

Plant hormones that promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering.

Ethene

A plant hormone involved in the regulation of fruit ripening.