Half life

Tc-99

6 hours

l-131

8 days

l-123

13 hours

Ra-223

11 days

Ra-226

1600 years

Ir -192

74 days

Co-60

5.26 years

CS-137

30 years

Sr-90

28 years

Mo-99

66 hours

Isotopes

same element, same atomic number, different mass number

Isobars

Different elements that have the same number of nucleons

Isotones

different elements that have the same number of Neutrons.

Isomers

elements that have the same atomic mass and the same atom but differs in Energy levels

Alpha Emission/Decay (a)

Occurs in heavy nuclides with high atomic number It resembles the Helium (He) element. The relative charge of a is 2 and has a mass of 4. It has (a) radiation has low penetrating power and most harmful internally and less harmful externally.

Beta Decay/Emission

Has two sub modes; the negatron emission and positron emission. The relative charge of ẞ is -1 and a mass of 0

ẞ particle

has a moderate energy and it can be stopped by approximately

ELECTRON CAPTURE or K - CAPTURE

This mode of decay refers to the radioactive decay process whereby nucleus captures an electron from an orbital shell of the atom. An electron from a higher energy level immediately moves into the vacant inner shell and fill the vacant position then the excess energy is emitted as a characteristic x-ray

CHARACTERISTIC X-RAY

produced after the ionization of an inner electron and occurs during the filling up of vacancy of electron within an atom

results from the transition of an outer orbital electron to an inner orbital shell