Applied Hydraulics and Hydrology Exam 3

What is the difference between uniform and non-uniform flow?

Uniform Flow: No change in velocity and depth along the channel

Non-Uniform Flow: Velocity and/or depth are changing along the channel, the flow is non-uniform

What is the most efficient channel section?

Efficient section is a section that has the least perimeter for a given area

What is the importance of hydraulic radius?

-Pw is a measure of frictional resistance

-Lower Pw for a given area means higher Rh

-Higher Rh means more efficient section

Why do we need to maintain minimum velocity in the design of non-erodible or rigid-boundary channels?

Self cleansing

What are the principles behind the design of non-erodible channels?

-Efficient section

-Capacity to carry discharge

-Minimum velocity for self cleansing

-Free Board

What us the guiding principle behind the design if erodible or loose-boundary channels?

To, applied less than or equal to To, critical

When does the peak of a hydrograph occur?

The peak of the hydrograph occurs when runoff from the point within the drainage basin that takes the longest time has arrived at the outlet.

How do we determine duration of storm event for the design?

Duration of the design storm is equal to the longest time the runoff within the drainage basin requires to reach the outlet.

What are the differences between pre and post development runoff?

-Peak occurs earlier for post-dev

-Peak is higher for post-dev

-Recession curve is shorter for post-dev

-Runoff volume increases for post-dev

A1-A2 = Increase
-Draw the picture

What are the advantages and disadvantages of grate inlet and curb side inlet?

Grate Inlet:
Adv: Efficient in intercepting gutter flow

Disadv: Clogs Easily

Curb Side Inlet:
Adv: Efficient in removing debris from gutter flow

Disadv: Low efficiency in intercepting gutter flow

What is the orientation of combination inlet and why do we use combination inlet?

Why do we use it: It takes advantage of curb and grate inlets. The flow encounters the curb inlet first to remove debris and the clear flow is intercepted by a grate inlet.
-Draw the Picture