Anatomy of the Knee and Thigh

Posterior muscles

hamstrings, popliteus, gastrocnemius

Anterior muscles

quadriceps, sartorius

Hamstring muscles

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris

Quadricep muscles

rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius

These muscles perform knee *flexion*

posterior muscles

These muscles perform knee *extension*

anterior muscles

These muscles also perform hip *flexion*

rectus femoris, sartorius

These muscles also perform hip *extension*

hamstrings

The ligaments of the knee include…

ACL, PCL, LCL, MCL

The meniscus provides…

stability, shock absorption, and increases the surface area of the tibial condyles

The ACL prevents…

anterior translation of the tibia

The PCL prevents…

posterior translation of the tibia

The MCL prevents…

excessive valgus forces

The LCL prevents…

excessive varus forces

Valgus forces are…

forces that buckle the knee from the outside in

Varus forces are…

forces that buckle the knee from the inside out

What is the difference in blood supply in the menisci layers?

inner 1/3 is avascular, the middle 1/3 has poor blood supply, and the outer layer has good blood supply

The q-angle is greater in __ due to ___.

female athletes due to wider hips

Medical name for knock knee

genu valgum

Medical name for bow legged

genu varum

Hyperextension of the knee

genu recurvation

sartorius

rectus femoris

vastus lateralis

vastus intermedius

vastus medialis

biceps femoris

semitendinosus

semimembranosus