Chapter 3A vocabulary

Atom

The building blocks of elements.

Atomic number

The number of protons and neutrons each element has.

Covalent bond

A force that holds two atoms together when they share electons.

double bond

a chemical bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.

Electron

A negitively charged partical that orbits around the nucleus of an atom

Electronegativity

The degree to which an atom pulls on an electron is refered to its electronegativity.

Element

A substance that can’t be broken down into simpler chemical substances.

Electron Shell

The path that electrons orbit around a atoms nucleus.

Hydrogen bond

A bond involving hydrogen that gets formed due to the electronegravity between hydrogen and another molucule.

Ion

An atom that has lost or gained an electron

Ionic bond

The attractive force between two ions of oppisite charge

isotope

Elements that have gained or lost a neutron.

Matter

Phisical substances.

Molecule

Two or more atoms bonded together

Nucleus

The center of an atom

Neutron

Neutral subatomic particals

Nonpolar covalent bond

Electrons are shared equally between the elements

Polar covalent bond

Electrons are not shared equally betweenthe elements.

Proton

A Positve subatomic particle

Radioactive isotope

Atoms that contain anunstable conbination of neutrons and protons.