Introduction to Java Programming, Java Syntax and Structures

Java

A high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

Write Once, Run Everywhere (WORA)

It is a general-purpose programming language that follows the principle __________.

James Gosling
Mike Sheridan
Patrick Naughton

Java was developed by ______, _______, and _______ at Sun Microsystem in 1991 and which was acquired by Oracle Corporation on 2010.

Oak

Java was initially called ______ after an this tree that stood outside Gosling’s office.

Indonesian Coffee

Java was renamed after the _________.

1991

The project was initiated by James Gosling and the Green Team at Sun Microsystems. It was originally designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced for the digital cable television industry at the time.

1995

Java was officially launched. The first public implementation was Java 1.0, which was released with the slogan "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA). This version provided a stable environment for developers to write code that could be executed on any machine that had the Java Runtime Environment (JRE).

Java 1.0

This version provided a stable environment for developers to write code that could be executed on any machine that had the Java Runtime Environment (JRE).

1997

The Java Development Kit (JDK) 1.1 was released, which included significant updates like the JDBC API, the JavaBeans component model, and inner classes.

1999

Sun Microsystems released Java 2 (also known as J2SE 1.2), marking the beginning of the three-edition platform: J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition), J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition), and J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition). This version introduced the Swing graphical API and the Collections framework.

J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition)
J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition)
J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition).

Three edition platform of Java 2 or J2SE 1.2

2004

Java 5.0 (formerly known as J2SE 1.5) was released, introducing major updates like generics, metadata, enumerated types, and the enhanced for loop.

Generics
Metadata
Enumerated Types
Enhanced For Loop

Java 5.0 (formerly known as J2SE 1.5) was released, introducing major updates like ______, ________, ______, and ________.

2006

Sun Microsystems released Java under the GNU General Public License (GPL), making it free and open-source software. This led to the development of the OpenJDK, an open-source implementation of the Java platform.

OpenJDK

Sun Microsystems released Java under the GNU General Public License (GPL), making it free and open-source software. This led to the development of the _______, an open-source implementation of the Java platform.

2009

Oracle Corporation acquired Sun Microsystems, and with it, Java continues to develop and support Java.

Oracle Corporation

This corporation acquired Sun Microsystems, and with it, Java continues to develop and support Java.

2014

Java 8 was released, which included features like lambda expressions, the Stream API, and the new date and time API.

2017

Oracle announced that Java would switch to a new release cadence, with new versions being released every six months. This led to the rapid introduction of features in subsequent versions.

Present

Java continues to evolve, with the latest versions introducing new features and enhancements.

Web Development
Mobile Applications
Large-Scale Enterprise Systems

Java is still widely used in various domains, including ________, _______, and _________.

Mobile Applications (specially Android Apps)
Desktop Applications
Web Applications
Web Servers and Application Servers
Games
Database Connection

Java is used for:

Web Applications
Enterprise Applications
Mobile Applications
Big Data Technologies
Scientific Applications
Gaming
Cloud Computing

Real World Applications of Java

Web Applications

Java is extensively used for building server-side applications. Frameworks like Spring, Hibernate, and Struts are commonly used in web development.

Enterprise Applications

Java is widely used in large-scale enterprise systems due to its robustness, scalability, and security features. Java EE (now Jakarta EE) is specifically designed for building distributed, multi-tiered, transactional applications.

Mobile Applications

Most Android applications are either written in Java or use Java as one of the core languages

Big Data Technologies

Java is used in big data technologies like Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, and others.

Scientific Applications

Java is usedfor data processing, mathematical calculations, and simulations.

Gaming

Java is used in developing 2D and 3D games, as well as mobile games

Cloud Computing

Java is used in different platforms like AWS, Google Cloud, and Azure for developing scalable and distributed systems.

Eclipse
IntelliJ IDEA
NetBeans

Popular Java IDE’S

Eclipse

A widely used, open-source IDE with powerful features for Java development.

IntelliJ IDEA

A popular IDE from JetBrains, known for its advanced code editing and refactoring features.

NetBeans

Another open-source IDE that is easy to use and comes with built-in support for Java SE, Java EE, and more.

Main Method

Every Java application must have a main() method that acts as the entry point.

public static void main(String[] args)

This method is executed when the Java application starts.

public

public static void main(String[] args)

The method is accessible from outside the class.

static

public static void main(String[] args)

Allows the method to run without creating an instance of the class.

void

public static void main(String[] args)

The method does not return any value.

String[] args

public static void main(String[] args)

Command-line arguments passed to the program.