theory

Rum itselfs takes its name from a 17th century english term for ‘uproar’ =

Rumbullion

All Rum must be made from…..

sugarcane

By-product from the production of sugar=

Molasses

Rum in the past was …………

sharp, bitter, foul smelling

in which year reached what distillation the carribean

1848, column distillation

what term is used for the people who illegally aided in flooding the american market with spirits from the caribbean islands?

rumrunners

Mild rums might only ferment for ……..,whereas funkier more complex rums are made more likely to ferment for …..

half a day, several days

Many rums are aged in what?

old oak barrels from Americas whiskey industry

What is the aging of Rum called?

Angels Share

Britsh influenced rum are medium to heavy on the plate with…… flavours and aromas of……..

robust, tropical fruit, molasses and spice

Jamaica rum uses ……..while fermenting

dunder

Which carribean island is known for producing the most dark rums?

Jamaica

What is the name of the tropical bar movement that made rum popular?

Tiki

Who was the founder of Tractor vices?

Victor Bergeron

Who originated the tiki movement?

Don Beach

Brazils natural spirit is?

Cachaca

Rhum Agricole=

rum made with sugarcane juice

By definition rum is made from ……using either….. or…………..

sugarcane, molasses, sugarcane juice

cachaca is a spitit nade from

fermented sugarcane juice

Demerara(Guyana) is influenced by which countrys?

British, Cuban and French

Rum made from the French islands are almost excluively made from …?

sugarcane juice

Brands for Rum?

Bacardi, Sailor Jerry

Cocktails with Rum?

Pina colada, Fog cutter

What are the 5 classification of 100% Agave Tequila?

Bianco, Joven, Repasado, Anejo, Extra Anejo

Tequila Brands:

Jose Cuervo, Sauza, Olmeca

Agave takes how many years to mature?

7-10

In which state is Tequila mostly from?

Jalisco

In which state is Mezcal mostly from?

Oaxaca

Current name for fermented Agave Juice?

Pulque

distilled pulque=

Vino de Mezcal

Who commercially produced Vino de Mezcal first and in which year?

Jose Cuervo, 1795

In which year and who created the first 100% blue agave Tequila´?

1873, Cenobio Sauza

Blanco Sliver is….

unaged

Reposado is aged for min.;?

2 months

anejo is aged for a minimum of

1 year

Extra anejo is aged a minimum of

3 years

twquila must contain

minimum 51% Blue Agave

Tequila containing other sugars is known as

Tequila (Mixto)

Tequila Cocktails:

Margarita, Paloma

Tequila made entirely from Blue Agave can be labeled as

Tequila 100% Agave

Liquers were originally produced for

medicinal purpose

The reduction in the cost of what brought around a sweeter varieties of liqueurs?

sugar

Name the 4 steps of Production of Liqueurs:

Maceration, Infusion, Filtration, Distillation

Classification of Liqueurs:

Fruit, Bitters, Nutty, Emulsion, Herbal

oldest liquer:

Bendectine D.O.M

fruit liquers:

maraschino, limoncello

nutty liqueurs:

amaretto, creme de cacao

emulsion liqueurs:

baileys, advocaat

herbal liqueurs:

benedictine dom, chartreuse

bitter liqueurs:

campari, aperol

liqueur must conatain

100gramms sugar per litre

Creme de must contain

250 grams sugar per litre

creme de cassis must contain

400 grams sugar per litre

Most well known aromatic bitter:

angostura

Drambuie is sweetened with

honey

ice serves three critical functions in the prearation of cocktails:

cooling, diluton, presentation

ice shapes:

cubed, crushed, block

ice needs to be

clear, clean, transparent, solid,

why do we use free pouring?

speed, efficiency, effictive planning of orders, accuracy, flair

In order to produce liquor you need three ingredients:

yeast, sugar, water

sugar is found in

crops, plants, fruits, berries

commercial distillation of liqueur began when and where?

8th century in the arabic part

what ways can be used to classify vodka?

region, crop and flavour

doesw vodka needs to be aged?

no

when did the story of gin began?

1570s

what 3 famous cocktails originated in cuba?

cuba libre, daiquiri, mojito

by definition rum has to be made by the products of sugarcane. What two products are they?

sugarcane juice or molasses

What brand of rum was founded the year 1862?

bacardi in cuba

where is limoncello from?

italy

what are the 5 main steps to brewing beer?

malting, mashing, wort seperation, wort boiling, fermentation

what category of beer is by far the most popular?

pale lager

what category generally has strong happy character?

india pale ale

what beer is usually hand pumped?

bitter

what flavour is added during wort boiling?

hops

what is the most common grain used for beer?

barley

Older styles of beer like ale and stout will use top or bottom fermentation?

top fermentation

what date is the earliest record of whiskey being produced in scotland?

1494

what was the name of the act passed in america in 1920?

volstead act

what are the 5 steps of whiskey production?

malting, mashing, fermentation, distillation, aging

what is the minimum age of any scotch whiskey?

3 years

what are two countries that spell whiskey without the ‘e’?

Scotland, japan, canada, india

what are the three main classification of american whiskey?

bourbon, tennesse, rye

which two grains are most american whiskies made from?

corn and rye

what process seperate tennesse from bourbon?

lincoln county process

what is used to give scotch a smoky flavour?

peat

what grain is all scotch malt whisky made from?

barley

when was single malt scotch whiskey marketed for the first time?

1963

what colour in red wine comes from what part of the grape?

the skin

name two examples of fortified wine?

sherry port, vermouth

what is the production of wine called?

vinification

what word describes a vineyard and general enviroment?

terroir

what wine is made by fermenting grapes, half with skin on and half without?

rose

why would you decant a young wine?

to aerate it

what should you do with old wine?

remove sediment

what is the main wine producing region in spain?

riojo

what is the main wine production region in the USA?

california

what does ulsige beatha mean?

water of life

what happened to european vine yards in the 1880’s?

phylloxera destroyed 85% of vine grapes

what still is used to distil cognac?

alambic charentraise

eau de Vie is used to describe what kind of brandy?

unaged