Study Guide for World History, Maylonii Moore

Rome’s republic is an example of a political system in which citizens:

 had a voice in government, through representatives

The Glorious Revolution in England resulted in the creation of what form of government

Constitutional Monarchy

Thomas Hobbes believed that life would be dangerous, without strong governments to keep order over evil humans. Because of this, which did Hobbes believe was the best form of government?

Absolute Monarchy

All of the following 4 things were ideas held by John Locke. On the test, pick the one which is NOT one of these below

People have the right to change or overthrow an unjust government

All people have natural rights of life, liberty & property to protect

Government power comes from the consent of the people it protects

People are good, not evil, when they are born

Which early civilization included a specific “code of moral & ethical behavior”, in which the social & religious rules had to be followed even by the rulers? 

Hebrew

Which of the following was the slogan of the French Revolution

Liberty, equality & fraternity

All of the following 4 things are accurate about the Napoleonic Code & changes that Napoleon made during his rule over France. Choose the one that is NOT one of these 4 on the test.

Individual rights were limited, but the government protected the people.

It established a uniform set of laws across France, creating legal stability.

Freedom of speech was restricted, but all men could attend public school.

Napoleon dismissed corrupt officials, and the government trained new men to be loyal & honest officials.

   All of the following statements describe events that occurred during the French Revolution. Pick the choice on the test that is NOT one of these below. 

The National Assembly created a new constitution, establishing limited monarchy.

War started between France & Austria, because Austria wanted to restore the French monarchy.

The storming of the Bastille helped gain confidence in the people against Louis XVI, and was the first violent act of the French Revolution.

The peasants in the countryside burned down landowners’ homes in the Great Fear.

Which group finally ended the Reign of Terror by executing Maximilien Robespierre?      

 Maximilien’s fellow Jacobins

The leaders at the Congress of Vienna wanted to make sure that France would not be a threat to the countries around them, so new & stronger countries were formed on France’s border. This goal, put into action, was called: 

Balance of Power

Napoleon’s final downfall came about because of which of the following?

The defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo

The pledging of the Tennis Court Oath, by members of the Third Estate, at the beginning of the French Revolution, led to the creation of what?

A national constitution

All of the following are the four factors of production needed to create a factory system during the Industrial Revolution? On the test, pick the answer that is NOT one of these below.

Labor,    Land (full of natural resources), Inventions,   Capital

 The basic purpose Klemens von Metternich had had for creating the Concert of Europe was to:

Assure that European powers would help one another stop democratic revolutions in each other’s countries

Industrialization during the 1800s required all of the 4 following. On the test, pick the choice that is NOT below:

Iron ore,         coal,        water,     available labor force

Which social class benefited the most during the Industrial Revolution, changing the social structure of Great Britain, & eventually grew into the biggest social class?

Middle Class

The effects of the Industrial Revolution included changes in all 4 of the following. Pick the answer on the test that is NOT one of the 4 below:      

Living conditions,           working conditions,           size of cities,  types of jobs that people had

One reaction to the Napoleonic Empire conquering other countries was a new emphasis on people of an area having a bond of culture, language & history that brought them together in unity. This concept is known as: 

Nationalism

Which of the following terms means the policy of letting owners of industry conduct business without government interference?

Laissez-faire

Which right listed in the U.S. Bill of Rights was first affirmed in the Magna Carta? 

The right to due process of law

The cotton gin was invented by whom? & Who invented the seed drill? 

Eli Whitney / Jethro Tull

Which of the following countries was the second country in the world to industrialize?

  U.S.A. 

How are powers divided in a federal system?

Power is shared equally between the central, state, and local governments. (And equally between the 3 branches of govt.)

Early on, during the Industrial Revolution, most governments responded to labor unions demanding workers’ rights & better conditions, by doing what?

Governments declaring unions & strikes to be illegal, and arresting workers who join them

All of the following 4 were the result of imperialism. On the test, pick the ONE that is NOT listed below, because it is NOT one of these:

Improvements in certain infrastructure, like schools, roads & hospitals

Trying to create markets for selling European manufactured goods in Africa

Preventing tribes from fighting each other, while the Europeans were there

Expanding trade, taking natural resources, & exploiting Africans for cheap labor

Social Darwinism took Charles Darwin’s idea of “survival of the fittest” & applied it to social change. The following statement BEST explains the European racist meaning of Social Darwinism:

Non-Europeans were considered inferior, so European’s duty was to dominate them. 

Karl Marx developed a philosophy that was the opposite of a free market, and included the idea that workers would overthrow the rich and rule a classless society. This system of government is called:

Communism

All of the 4 following are motives for imperialism. On the test, pick the ONE that is NOT any of the following below:

Nationalism,                     Finding cheap labor to exploit

Natural resource acquisition,   Religious conversion of natives by missionaries

The Wealth of Nations, by Adam Smith, presents the economic philosophy of  

Capitalism

Which of the following statements BEST explains the politics in England from the signing of the Magna Carta, all the way to establishing a constitutional monarchy & the adoption of the English Bill of Rights?

First, only noblemen gained rights, & over time all British men were guaranteed freedoms of rule of law. 

Which early city-state civilization allowed all adult, male citizens to vote on laws?

Athens

Which event was considered the symbolic start of the French Revolution?

The Storming of the Bastille: when poor workers in Paris stormed the Bastille, killed prison guards & took weapons.

Which Enlightenment thinker supported the idea of all people having freedom of speech, press & religion? He had great influence on the writers of the U.S. Bill of Rights, when those freedoms were made into the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Voltaire

The U.S. enforced the Open Door policy in China to ensure that U.S. foreign trade continued there. Unfortunately, this policy helped frustrate the Chinese people enough to start, which violent revolt against the foreigners & their own government?

The Boxer Rebellion

To prevent future conflict, 14 European nations met at the Berlin Conference in 1884 to 85 to:

lay down the rules for the Europeans to divide Africa into European colonies.

A policy of direct control that some European nations used in their colonies involved Europeans governing people by providing for their needs, but not giving the colonists any rights or a voice in government.

This policy is known as:

Paternalism

Which of the following shows how Imperialism helped cause World War One (WWI)?

It caused competition between European powers to get more colonies.

Germany’s Schlieffen Plan, at the beginning of WWI, was supposed to ensure what? 

The quick invasion & defeat of France, to avoid a two front war for Germany

Which of the following BEST explains the reason that Germany used “unrestricted submarine warfare” during World War I?

To establish a naval blockade to cut off supplies to Great Britain & defeat them

How did the assassination of Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary cause WWI to start?

It led to Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, setting off a chain reaction within the complicated alliance system.

The total war concept used by Britain, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia & France during WWI, is BEST demonstrated by:

Countries devoting all of their resources to the war effort & everything the government does is about winning the war

Which of the following was not a MAIN cause of World War I?

The Austrian invasion of Serbia 

The following statement illustrates the MOST significant impact that American soldiers had on World War I? U.S. troops:

U.S. troops strengthened the Allied forces when they were needed most, due to Russia having recently withdrawn from the war.

The Treaty of Versailles formally ended WWI, and included all 4 of the following provisions. On the test, pick the one that IS NOT below:

had substantial territory taken away from them, including all of their colonies.

had to pay reparations to Britain & France for damages caused during WWI.

had severe restrictions placed on its military, including greatly reducing the size.

was forced to change their government to a democracy, & accept blame for the war.

What actually caused the U.S. to enter WWI?

Germany sent the Zimmerman Note to Mexico, to try to get Mexico to join Germany in the war by attacking the USA     

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, between Germany & Russia, had all 4 of the following effects. On the test, pick the ONE that is NOT below:

The Russian government formally surrendered to Germany & stopped fighting in WWI.

Russia agreed to give land to Germany in Europe.

It closed the Eastern Front, eliminating the “two front war”, so Germany could send all of their troops to the Western Front.

It temporarily gave Germany a military advantage in the war.

Which of the following demonstrates that the U.S. people & the U.S. Congress were both disappointed with world affairs after WWI? The U.S:

never joined the League of Nations, and started a policy of neutrality & isolationism.

Who wrote the 14 Points & which part was the only thing kept from it? 

Woodrow Wilson/ League of Nations

Which countries were in the Triple Entente that the U.S. later called the Allies during WWI, & which countries were in the Triple Alliance, called the Central Powers during WWI.

(Triple Entrente) Russia   Britain       France         , Germany       Italy   Austria-Hungary ( Triple alliance)

The Western Front was far different in fighting style to the Eastern Front. What was the main fighting style of the Western Front? / What was the main fighting style of the Eastern Front?

Trench warfare  /   mobile warfare

Why did Russia quit fighting in WWI in 1917 and surrender Germany? All of the following are reasons that Russia quit the war, EXCEPT for which of the following?

Too many Russian soldiers & civilians were killed in the war, so soldiers refused to fight any longer

The Provisional government failed to get Russia out of the war

Poor leadership by Czar Nicholas, & his officers

Russian soldiers were well trained & had modern weapons to fight with

The communists had a revolution & took over the Russian government & Communist leader Vladimir Lenin insisted on ending Russia’s involvement in WWI.