Ch 2: Self Efficacy

Who developed Self-Efficacy Theory?

Albert Bandura in the 1970s.

What is the central idea of Self-Efficacy Theory?

People try what they believe they can do and avoid what they think they can’t do.

Define self-efficacy.

Belief in one’s ability to perform actions to achieve goals.

What does self-efficacy focus on?

Judgments of personal capabilities.

What does self-esteem focus on?

Judgments of self-worth.

Can you have high self-efficacy for one task and low for another?

Yes

What is a humorous way to illustrate belief in self-efficacy?

"Any pizza is a personal pizza if you believe in yourself."

What do people with high self-efficacy do when facing challenges?

View them as tasks to be mastered.

What do people with low self-efficacy do when failing?

Give up and lose confidence.

What are the four sources of self-efficacy?

Mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and emotional states.

What is the most effective way to build self-efficacy?

Mastery experiences.

What do mastery experiences involve?

Practicing and succeeding in difficult tasks.

Name real-life examples of mastery experiences.

Internships, clinical hours, fall prevention programs.

What increases self-efficacy through vicarious experience?

Watching someone similar succeed.

What decreases it?

Watching someone similar fail.

What is verbal persuasion?

Encouragement or discouragement by others.

Give an example of discouraging persuasion.

“You can’t do this.”

Why does positive encouragement matter?

It boosts belief in ability.

What kind of emotions increase self-efficacy?

Joy, excitement, peace.

What kind of emotions decrease it?

Fear, anxiety, stress.

How does fear of public speaking relate to self-efficacy?

It may reduce self-efficacy through negative emotional state.

What happens if you associate a task with positive emotions?

You’re more likely to try it.

What is an example of vicarious learning in health behavior?

Watching a peer succeed in a fitness program.

What type of messaging supports verbal persuasion?

Constructive and encouraging feedback.

Why is practicing hard tasks important?

It builds mastery and self-efficacy.