Kinesiology 2000 Final

A healthy percentage of subcutaneous fat in men is:

12%

American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) suggest the following guidelines for adult physical activity:

30 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity, 5 days/week

20 minutes of vigorous activity, 3 days/week

Another name for nonessential fat is:

Adipose tissue

Assume an adult is 5'5, weighs 160lbs, and has a BMI of 26.6. The BMI would classify this person as:

Overweight

What is the reason the BMI calculated above may not represent the person's health status?

BMI does not distinguish between excess fat, muscle, or bone mass

According to the lecture, essential fat is what percentage of total body weight in females?

8-12%

Men with a waist-to-hip ratio above ___ are considered high risk for cardiovascular disease.

0.9

Sleeping problems can be an associated health problem with increased risk of chronic disease.

True

The relative amounts of fat mass and fat-free mass is also referred to as:

Body Composition

What are four ways to look at human body composition?

Medical, anthropological, performance, appearance

What is the lowest percentage of body fat a healthy male can have before compromising fat-free mass storage?

3%

What is the main difference between lean body mass (LBM) and fat-free mass (FFM)?

LBM includes lipid rich essential fat stores (i.e. essential fat around brain)

Which body shape has the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease?

Apple

Which group has the highest relative risk of death?

Inactive; overweight

Which of the following is used to measure body composition?

BMI

Height and weight scales

Waist-to-hip ratio

Skinfolds

According to the lecture, which of the following can be defined as "ability to sustain force over time"?

Endurance

The ability of a muscle to do work is also called muscle ___.

Strength

Calculate the fat-free mass for this person: body mass = 185lbs, body fat = 14% (HINT: 1 kg = 2.2 lbs)

71.97 kg

Which of the following is the definition of power?

The ability to generate force quickly

Assuming that there are 75 patients in your medical practice. 25 of these patients are obese. You also note that 18 of the obese patients also have sleep apnea, while 9 of the "non-obese" patients also have sleep apnea. What is the relative risk of obesity with sleep apnea?

4.0

Moderate intensity activities (e.g. brisk walking, Dancing) approximately to how many metabolic equivalents (MET) ?

3-6 MET

Female Athlete Triad consists of the following?

Abnormal eating and excessive exercise, premature osteoporosis, Amenorrhea

A cluster of conditions including obesity, hyperinsulinemia, elevated triglycerides, hypertension and type 2 diabetes with an increase in the waist size is called as

Metabolic Syndrome

Osteokinematics describes the movements occurring within the joint.

False

Intra-rater reliability determines how well the same person can take a measurement.

True

Goniometry is predominantly used to measure arthrokinematics.

False

If the moving joint surface if CONVEX, sliding is in the OPPOSITE direction of the angular movement of the bone.

True

Which of the following is considered an "end feel" when measuring range of motion?

Empty

The ventral body cavity includes what other major body cavities?

Abdominal

Thoracic

Pelvic

___________ is the reference point for standard body position.

Anatomical Position

What body plane lies exactly in the midline of the body, dividing someone into right and left halves?

Midsaggital

A squat is performed in which plane of motion?

Sagittal

What type of injury can lead to myositis ossifican formation if not properly managed?

Contusion

Which of the 9 body regions is between the left and right hypochondriac regions?

Epigastric region

The correct sequence forming the structural hierarchy is:

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal

Femur

Thigh

Ulna

Forearm

Scapula

Shoulder Blade

Skull

Head

Metacarpals

Hand

Metatarsels

Feet

Patella

Knee Cao

Tibia

Shin

The muscles found in the lower extremity:

Quadriceps

Hamstrings

Dorsiflexors

Gluteus Maximus

Soleus

What type of fracture presents with bone fragmentation at the fracture site?

Comminuted

Sports medicine is a field that uses a holistic, comprehensive, and unidisciplinary approach to health care for those participating in athletic related activities.

False

What type of injury is characterized by rapid onset, resulting from a traumatic event typically involving pain, swelling, and loss of function?

Acute Injury

A stretched or torn muscle, most commonly occurring at the musculotendinous junction, is known as a ___________.

Strain

What are the overlapping functions of the nervous system?

Sensory input

Integration

Motor response

What type of injury presents with a slow onset, no history of trauma, localized pain/tenderness, increased training load, and repetitive activity?

Stress Fractures

When measuring range of motion at a joint, the subject should always start in anatomical position. What numerical degree of motion is each joint at in anatomical position?

0

A dynamic balance test that tells clinicians about the participants' perception of their safe limit of stability and ability to transfer projection of CoG

Star Excursion Balance Test

Balance is only a dynamic process.

False

The jumper above is landing in a sand pit with a horizontal force of 675N and a resultant force of 2153N. What is the vertical force produced during the landing of the jumper? (Round to two decimal places)

2,044.45

The point about which mass is evenly distributed is also called the _________.

Center of Gravity

Large amount of body displacement, but able to maintain COG within BOS

Hip strategy

Athlete braces for a collision by lowering their COG

Suspensory strategy

Minute corrections observed during static standing

Ankle strategy

You are walking on ground and trip over a brick, you must reflexively attempt to regain COG within your BOS

Stepping strategy

The ability to produce a smooth pattern of activity through a combination of muscles acting together with appropriate intensity and timing is also called _______.

Coordination

Which class lever describes the resistance located between the axis and the force, and requires a smaller effort to balance a larger resistive force?

Class 2

The perpendicular distance between the line of action of the force and the axis of rotation is also called the _____________ ; the distance from the fulcrum to the motive force or resistive force is called the _________

Moment Arm

Lever Arm

Which of the following refers to the study of motion without consideration for the forces that causes them?

Kinematics

Distance

m

Displacement

m

Speed

m/s

Velocity

m/s

Torque

Nm

Work

J

Power

W

Force

N

The Achilles tendon inserts on the calcaneus at a distance of 8cm from the axis of the ankle joint. If the force generated by the muscles attached to the Achilles tendon is 3000 N and the moment arm of this force about the joint axis is 5 cm. What is the torque created by these muscles about the ankle joint?

150 Nm

Golgi tendon organs, muscle spindles, pacinian & ruffini corpuscles are the main mechanoreceptors that interpret sensory information from a joint

True

The product of force and velocity is called

Power

Which of the following movements is NOT included in the functional movement screen?

Single Leg Squat

The TUG task can be used in clinical environments to decide whether a patient is able complete activities of daily living without aid.

True

What functional movement assessment requires the subject to jump off a box with both feet and land with both feet on a tape-marked section of the floor?

LESS

What functional movement assessment includes 7 movements that are individually scored out of 3 and then summed together to form a composite score?

FMS

The LSDT requires subjects to stand on the test leg, place hands on the hips, squat as low as they can bending at the hip/knee/ankle, and return to the starting position?

False

You step on a piece of glass, this sensory information is sent _________ the spinal cord through an _________ pathway. A muscle response is sent __________ the spinal cord towards the hamstring muscles through an __________ pathway.

Towards

Afferent

Away From

Efferent

What are the components of the postural control system?

Sensory

Execution

Integration

A football wide receiver only undergoes rectilinear translational motion during a game.

False

A golfer completed 300,000J of work to drive the golf ball 274m. How much force did the golfer produce during their swing?

1,094.89

What are two subjective BALANCE assessments?

BESS

Romberg Test

John Doe is performing an isometric knee extension exercise, the force due to his quadriceps is 500N and the torque produced by the quadriceps is 13.5Nm. What is the length of his moment arm in centimeters?

2.7

A 12 months old baby is able to

Walk

During what stage of learning does refinement of movement patterns occur?

Associative Phase

Primitive reflexes originate from which part of the brain?

Brainstem

Which of the following reflex is the precursor of hand-eye coordination?

Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

Feedback assesses success vs failure

Knowledge of Results

Feedback assess proper technique/form during a skill

Knowledge of Performance

Which of the following is a principle of motor development?

The sequence of development is the same but the rate of development varies between people

Reflex arc is laid down in utero by

8.5 weeks

Practice for an open skill should include high variability with unpredictable scenarios.

True

A 3 year old child comes the to clinic with a positive Babinski`s reflex. What are the clinical implication of this finding?

Child has neurological deficits

The __________ pathways travel to the central nervous system, while the ____________ pathways travel away from the central nervous system.

Afferent; Efferent

The four domains of motor development are:

Cognitive, Affective, Motor, and Physical

Motor development takes place in which order?

Cephalocaudal

As a hockey player is skating down the ice they look up and assess the scene in front of them. Their options for passing the puck to open players are increasing. As the number of passing options increase, what happens to their reaction time according to Hick's Law?

Reaction time increases

Squat

Gross motor skill