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transcription
the process where the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
translation
the process where genetic information coded in mRNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome
mRNA
type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
tRNA
type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
codon
sequence of three bases on a strand of mRNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid
anticodon
group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon
complementary base pairing
In DNA, T pairs with A; G pairs with C;
RNA, U pairs with A and G pairs with C
cytoplasm
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
ribosome
organelles at which proteins are synthesized.
nucleus
A part of the cell containing DNA
amino acid
building block of protein
adenine
pairs with uracil in RNA
cytosine
pairs with guanine
nitrogenous bases
adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, uracail
deoxyribose
sugar in DNA
ribose
sugar in RNA
nucleotide
consists of a phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogen base
mRNA
Carries the genetic code for a protein from the nucleus to the ribosomes where the proteins are assembled.
tRNA
type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis
amino acids
building blocks of proteins
DNA
A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
mRNA (diagram)
What is C? It takes the information in a gene from the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm.
ribosome (diagram)
What is A? The site of protein synthesis. Where a specific amino acid sequence is assembled based on a mRNA code
tRNA (diagram)
What is A? Brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome to be added to the growing amino acid chain.
codon (diagram)
What is A? A three base sequence on an mRNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid
anticodon (diagram)
What is A? A three base sequence on a tRNA molecule that is complimentary to a codon on an mRNA.
DNA (diagram)
What is A? Double stranded molecule that contains genes and is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
the nucleus
the place where transcription takes place
ribosome in the cytoplasm
the place where translation takes place
Protein Synthesis
What process is shown in this diagram?
nuclear membrane