Chapter 14 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Part I

oral maxillofacial surgeon

a dentist who has completed additional oral surgical and anesthesia studies of two to three years

exodontia

extraction of a tooth

forceps

pincers for seizing, holding, or extracting

scalpel

a small surgical knife used to cut open or excise tissue from a surgical area

bone file

heavier and thicker than the file used on tooth and restoration surfaces

elevators

devices used to raise the tooth

periosteal

concerning the periosteum

periosteotome

cutting tissue around bone

exolever

device to raise or elevate

apical

pertaining to apex or tip

hemostat

device or drug used to arrest blood flow

needle holder

similar to a hemostat except that the nose of the instrument is rounded and blunted with serrated criss crossed edges inside its beaks to assist with holding a needle

scissors

various specialized scissors used in oral surgery

tissue

longer handled scissors with a serrated blade edges that is used to grasp and hold the tissue during cutting

suture

smaller scissors with one curved, half moon blade that is inserted under the suture thread during cutting

bandage

scissors to cut materials and dressing during surgery

rongeurs

bone cutting

aspirating tips

disposable or metal suction tips with longer handles and narrower tip openings

chisel

device that is longer, thicker, and heavier than tooth chisels

mallet

surgical hammer

curette

hand instrument with a spoon shaped face that is inserted in the socket or surgical site to scrape out infection and debris

retractor

draw back

check retractor

may be bent wire shaped device or flat curved handles used to scoop and hold cheek tissue

tongue retractor

scissor type of instrument with longer shaft and padded or serrated edges

mouth prop

small, medium, or large pieces of hard rubber

suture

closure

surgical bur

similar to dental burs but larger in size

horizontal impaction

the tooth is horizontally tilted

vertical impaction

tooth is in upright position but in close proximity to or under the crown of a nearby tooth

distoangular impaction

crown of the tooth is slanted toward the distal surface and is covered by tissue and or bone

mesioangular impaction

the crown of the tooth is mesially tilted and covered by tissue and or bone

transverse impaction

rooth is situated sideways to the adjacent teeth and occlusal plane

alveolectomy

when multiple teeth are extracted, the alveolar bone crests have to be removed and smoothed to prepare the ridges for denture or appliance wear

template

pattern

alveolitis

infection or inflammation of the alveolar process

dry socked

loss of the natural clotting

gingivectomy

surgical excision of unattached gingival tissues

periodontal flap surgery

surgical excision and removal of pocket or tissue extensions

periocoronitis

gingival irritation and an infection

frenectomy

surgical removal or resectioning of a frenum

ankyloglossia

shortness of the tongue frenum, tongue tied

incision and drainage

procedure performed for a periodontal abscess

malady

disease or disorder

biopsy

small tissue incition

incision biopsy

removing a wedge shaped section of affected tissue along with some normal adjacent tissue

excision biopsy

removal of the entire lesion of affected tissue with some underlying normal tissue

exfoliative biopsy

scraping with glass slide or tongue depressor to collect tissue cells for microscopic study

brush biopsy

much like the exfoliative test, a pipe stem brush is drawn across the mouth tissues

malignant

harmful or growing worse

benign

tumors are not considered life threatening or deadly

leukoplakia

formation of white patches on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity that cannot be scraped off and have the potential for malignancy

fibroma

benign, fibrous, encapsulated connective tissue tumor

papilloma

benign, epithelial tumor of the skin or mucous membrane

hemangioma

benign tumor of dilated blood bessels

granuloma

grandular tumor usually accurring with other disease

melanoma

malignant, pigmented mole or tumor

basal or squamous cell carcincoma

malignant growth of epithelial cells

osteoplasty

forming or recontouring bones

alveolectomy

usually performed to remove alveolar bone crests remaining after tooth extraction in preparation for a smooth bone ridge for denture wear