Fascism in Italy

What did the industrialists do to increase public support?

500,000 industrialists convinced many Italians that they were on the verge of a revolution, and Fascism would save them

How many core supporters by the end of 1919?

74,000

How many seats did the Fascists win in the 1919 election?

NONE

How many seats did the PSI win in the 1919 election?

156 seats

How many active supporters in 1919?

4,000

What % of Milan voters voted for Fascism?

1.8%

Who were the Squadristi?

Paramilitary Fascist groups often led by former army officers

An example of when the police supported the Fascists in 1919?

On the 15th April 1919, 200 - 300 men dressed in black shirts carrying pistols stormed a socialist demonstration. They burnt down the Avanti! office and killed 3 socialists. The police did nothing.

Why did wealthy peasants support the Fascists in 1919?

Thought they were going to take their land

What % of the Fascist movement were students?

10%

What was the Fascist newspaper created in 1919?

Il Populo d’Italia

How many socialists killed and wounded in the first 5 months of 1921?

200 killed and 1000 wounded

When was the pact of pacification?

July 1921

When was the PNF created?

October 1921

Increase in membership from 1921 - 1922?

Increased from 200,000 members in 1921 to 300,000 members in 1922

Example of when the weakness of political rivals helped the Fascist movement?

In 1922, the Popolari lost its moral authority when the newly elected Pope Pius XI ended his support for the party. The Popolari withdrew its support from the coalition gov in 1922 because of the Government’s failure to control fascist violence

What % of students in Italy were members of the PNF in 1922?

12-13%

Who were the syndicates?

labour or trade organisations