Mendel's Laws Mock Exam

B

The Law of Segregation states that each organism carries how many alleles for a trait?

a) One

b) Two

c) Three

d) Four

B

What type of cross is associated with the Law of Segregation?

a) Trihybrid cross

b) Monohybrid cross

c) Dihybrid cross

d) Back cross

C

According to the Law of Segregation, how many alleles does each gamete get?

a) Two

b) Zero

c) One

d) Four

A

The Law of Independent Assortment involves how many traits?

a) Two or more

b) One

c) Only three

d) Four or more

D

What type of cross is associated with the Law of Independent Assortment?

a) Back cross

b) Monohybrid cross

c) Trihybrid cross

d) Dihybrid cross

C

The Law of Independent Assortment applies to genes that are:

a) Linked

b) On the same chromosome

c) Not linked

d) Recessive

A

What event during meiosis is described by the Law of Segregation?

a) Anaphase I, when homologous chromosomes separate

b) Metaphase II, when sister chromatids separate

c) Telophase I, when the cell divides

d) Prophase I, when crossing over occurs

C

What event during meiosis is described by the Law of Independent Assortment?

a) Telophase I, when the cell divides

b) Anaphase I, when homologous chromosomes separate

c) Metaphase I, when chromosome pairs align randomly

d) Prophase I, when crossing over occurs

B

According to the image, gametes from a Tt pea plant would contain which alleles?

a) Tt

b) T and t

c) Only T

d) Only t

C

According to the image, a TtRr pea plant can produce what gamete allele combinations?

a) TR, tr

b) T, t, R, r

c) TR, Tr, tR, tr

d) Tt, Rr

B

Which law focuses on the separation of alleles for a single trait during gamete formation?

a) Law of Dominance

b) Law of Segregation

c) Law of Independent Assortment

d) Law of Linkage

D

Which law states that genes for different traits assort independently?

a) Law of Segregation

b) Law of Linkage

c) Law of Dominance

d) Law of Independent Assortment

D

The 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio is a classic outcome of which type of cross?

a) Monohybrid cross

b) Trihybrid cross

c) Back cross

d) Dihybrid cross

B

The 3:1 phenotypic ratio is a classic outcome of which type of cross?

a) Dihybrid cross

b) Monohybrid cross

c) Trihybrid cross

d) Test cross

B

What is the definition of the Law of Segregation?

a) Genes for different traits assort independently.

b) Each organism carries two alleles for a trait, which separate during gamete formation.

c) Alleles for a trait are always linked together.

d) One allele is always dominant over another.

C

What is the definition of the Law of Independent Assortment?

a) Alleles for the same trait segregate during gamete formation.

b) Each organism carries two alleles for a trait.

c) Genes for different traits assort independently during gamete formation, provided they are not linked.

d) Only one allele for a trait is passed down.

C

Which law is demonstrated by the random alignment of chromosome pairs in Metaphase I?

a) Law of Segregation

b) Law of Dominance

c) Law of Independent Assortment

d) Law of Randomness

B

The separation of homologous chromosomes during Anaphase I is the basis for which law?

a) Law of Dominance

b) Law of Segregation

c) Law of Independent Assortment

d) Law of Heredity

B

Which statement is true about gamete formation under the Law of Segregation?

a) Gametes carry two alleles.

b) Gametes carry only one allele for a trait.

c) Gametes carry all possible allele combinations.

d) Gametes are not involved.

A

Which statement is true about gamete formation under the Law of Independent Assortment?

a) Gametes carry all possible allele combinations for different traits.

b) Gametes carry only one allele for a trait.

c) Gametes carry two alleles for a trait.

d) Gametes are formed only from monohybrid crosses.

C

Which of Mendel's Laws is described as always true?

a) Law of Independent Assortment

b) Law of Dominance

c) Law of Segregation

d) Law of Linkage

C

The Law of Segregation is a universal principle for which type of organisms?

a) Asexually reproducing organisms

b) All organisms

c) Sexually reproducing organisms

d) Prokaryotic organisms

C

According to the image, the Law of Independent Assortment is conditionally true. This means it is only true when genes are:

a) Located on the same chromosome

b) Located close together on the same chromosome

c) Located on different chromosomes

d) Always linked

A

What is the reason a gamete gets only one allele from each gene, according to the Law of Segregation?

a) Homologous chromosomes separate in Anaphase I of meiosis.

b) Sister chromatids separate in Anaphase II of meiosis.

c) Chromosome pairs align randomly in Metaphase I.

d) Crossing over occurs in Prophase I.

B

What happens to independent assortment if genes are close together on the same chromosome?

a) They will still assort independently.

b) They may be inherited together.

c) They will always be separated.

d) They will be destroyed.

C

The term "conditionally true" in the context of Mendel's Laws refers to which law?

a) Law of Segregation

b) Law of Dominance

c) Law of Independent Assortment

d) Law of Heredity

C

When does segregation always happen?

a) Only when genes are on different chromosomes

b) When genes are linked

c) No exceptions

d) Only in a monohybrid cross

D

The Law of Independent Assortment does not always hold if genes are:

a) On different chromosomes

b) Very far apart on the same chromosome

c) Not linked

d) Linked and close together on the same chromosome

C

What is the main difference between the "truthfulness" of the two laws as described in the image?

a) Both are always true.

b) Both are conditionally true.

c) Segregation is always true, and independent assortment is conditionally true.

d) Segregation is conditionally true, and independent assortment is always true.

A

Which phrase best describes the concept of independent assortment based on the image?

a) Usually happens, but not if genes are "stuck together."

b) Happens only in monohybrid crosses.

c) Always happens, no exceptions.

d) Is not a universal principle.