knowt logo

WHAP - Unit 2 Review

The Silk Roads

As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services.

Thematic Focus: Economic Systems

💡Explain the causes and effects of growth of networks of exchange after 1200

  • Improved commercial practices led to an increase in amount of trade and the geographical area of existing trade routes

    • New forms of credit and money economies

      • Saqq/sakk

      • Banking houses

        • Provided loans and money conversions

      • Paper money

    • Caravanseria and oasis towns

  • This resulted in new trading cities

    • Kashgar

    • Samarkand

    • Baghdad

    • Hangzhou

  • The growth of interregional trade in luxury goods was encouraged by innovations in previously existing transport and commercial technology

    • Caravanserai

    • Forms of credit

    • Money economies

      • Systems of exchange where currency is used as a medium of trade instead of barter.

  • Demand for luxury goods increased across Afroeurasia

    • Merchants and artisans expanded production of goods like textiles and porcelains for export.

    • Manufacturing of steel and iron in China increased

The Mongol Empire and the Making of the Modern World

A variety of international and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.

Thematic Focus - Governance

💡Explain the process of state building and decline in Eurasia over time

💡Explain how the expansion of empires influenced trade and communication over time

💡Explain the significance of the Mongol Empire in larger patterns of continuity and change

  • Empires collapsed, and some were taken over by the Mongols (Khanates)

  • The expansion of empires facilitated trade and communication as new people were drawn into economies and trade networks when land was conquered

  • Interregional contacts and conflicts btwn states and empires caused the exchange of tech and culture

    • Involuntary and voluntary

    • Transfer of Islamic medical knowledge to Western Europe

    • Numbering systems to Europe

    • Uyghur script

      • Mongolian script borrowed from Uighurs

Exchange in the Indian Ocean

As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services.

Thematic Focus - Economic Systems

The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.

Thematic Focus - Cultural Developments and Interactions

The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow and change, they shape their environments.

Thematic Focus - Humans and the Environment

💡Explain the causes and effects of growth of networks of exchange after 1200

💡Explain the role of environmental factors in the development of networks of exchange in 1200-1450

  • Improved transport technology and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes, promoting the growth of powerful trading cities.

    • Kashgar

    • Samarkand

    • Baghdad

    • Hangzhou

    • Malacca

    • Swahili city states

  • Innovations in transport and commercial technology increased the demand for luxury goods

    • Compass

    • Astrolabe

    • Dhow ships

    • Junk ships

  • Diasporic communities were established along popular trade routes, where foreign and indigenous cultures influenced each other

    • Chinese merchant communities south asia

  • Zheng He - Fleet of many ships as a show of power

  • Knowledge on the environment increased trade

    • Using monsoon winds

Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

Human adaptation and innovation have resulted in increased efficiency, comfort, and security, and technological advances have shaped human development and interactions with intended and unintended consequences

Thematic Focus - Technology and Innovations

A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.

Thematic Focus - Governance

💡Explain how the expansion of empires influenced trade and communication over time

  • Improved transport technology and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes

    • Camel saddles

    • Caravans

  • The expansion of empires facilitated trade and communication as new people were drawn into economies and trade networks when land was conquered

    • Mali

Cultural Consequences of Connectivity

The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.

Thematic Focus - Cultural Developments and Interactions

💡Explain the intellectual and cultural effects of the various networks of exchange in Afro-Eurasia from 1200-1450

  • Increased cross-cultural interactions resulted in the diffusion of literary, artistic, cultural, scientific, and technological innovations.

    • Buddhism → East Asia

    • Hinduism + Buddhism → Southeast Asia

    • Islam → Sub-Saharan Africa

    • Gunpowder + Paper → West from China

  • All cities go through periods of urbanization and decline

    • Controlled by trade and productivity

  • Travelers wrote abt travels

    • Marco Polo

    • Ibn Buttata

    • Margery Kempe

Environmental Consequences of Connectivity

The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow, they shape the environment.

Thematic Focus - Humans and the Environment

💡Explain the environmental effects of the various networks of exchange in Afro-Eurasia from 1200-1450

  • Trade also resulted in diffusion of communicable diseases, along with crops, innovations, culture, etc

    • Black death/Bubonic plague

    • Bananas → Africa

    • Champa Rice → East Asia

    • Citrus → Meditteranean

Comparison of Economic Exchange

💡Compare and contrast the trade routes

WHAP - Unit 2 Review

The Silk Roads

As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services.

Thematic Focus: Economic Systems

💡Explain the causes and effects of growth of networks of exchange after 1200

  • Improved commercial practices led to an increase in amount of trade and the geographical area of existing trade routes

    • New forms of credit and money economies

      • Saqq/sakk

      • Banking houses

        • Provided loans and money conversions

      • Paper money

    • Caravanseria and oasis towns

  • This resulted in new trading cities

    • Kashgar

    • Samarkand

    • Baghdad

    • Hangzhou

  • The growth of interregional trade in luxury goods was encouraged by innovations in previously existing transport and commercial technology

    • Caravanserai

    • Forms of credit

    • Money economies

      • Systems of exchange where currency is used as a medium of trade instead of barter.

  • Demand for luxury goods increased across Afroeurasia

    • Merchants and artisans expanded production of goods like textiles and porcelains for export.

    • Manufacturing of steel and iron in China increased

The Mongol Empire and the Making of the Modern World

A variety of international and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.

Thematic Focus - Governance

💡Explain the process of state building and decline in Eurasia over time

💡Explain how the expansion of empires influenced trade and communication over time

💡Explain the significance of the Mongol Empire in larger patterns of continuity and change

  • Empires collapsed, and some were taken over by the Mongols (Khanates)

  • The expansion of empires facilitated trade and communication as new people were drawn into economies and trade networks when land was conquered

  • Interregional contacts and conflicts btwn states and empires caused the exchange of tech and culture

    • Involuntary and voluntary

    • Transfer of Islamic medical knowledge to Western Europe

    • Numbering systems to Europe

    • Uyghur script

      • Mongolian script borrowed from Uighurs

Exchange in the Indian Ocean

As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services.

Thematic Focus - Economic Systems

The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.

Thematic Focus - Cultural Developments and Interactions

The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow and change, they shape their environments.

Thematic Focus - Humans and the Environment

💡Explain the causes and effects of growth of networks of exchange after 1200

💡Explain the role of environmental factors in the development of networks of exchange in 1200-1450

  • Improved transport technology and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes, promoting the growth of powerful trading cities.

    • Kashgar

    • Samarkand

    • Baghdad

    • Hangzhou

    • Malacca

    • Swahili city states

  • Innovations in transport and commercial technology increased the demand for luxury goods

    • Compass

    • Astrolabe

    • Dhow ships

    • Junk ships

  • Diasporic communities were established along popular trade routes, where foreign and indigenous cultures influenced each other

    • Chinese merchant communities south asia

  • Zheng He - Fleet of many ships as a show of power

  • Knowledge on the environment increased trade

    • Using monsoon winds

Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

Human adaptation and innovation have resulted in increased efficiency, comfort, and security, and technological advances have shaped human development and interactions with intended and unintended consequences

Thematic Focus - Technology and Innovations

A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.

Thematic Focus - Governance

💡Explain how the expansion of empires influenced trade and communication over time

  • Improved transport technology and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes

    • Camel saddles

    • Caravans

  • The expansion of empires facilitated trade and communication as new people were drawn into economies and trade networks when land was conquered

    • Mali

Cultural Consequences of Connectivity

The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.

Thematic Focus - Cultural Developments and Interactions

💡Explain the intellectual and cultural effects of the various networks of exchange in Afro-Eurasia from 1200-1450

  • Increased cross-cultural interactions resulted in the diffusion of literary, artistic, cultural, scientific, and technological innovations.

    • Buddhism → East Asia

    • Hinduism + Buddhism → Southeast Asia

    • Islam → Sub-Saharan Africa

    • Gunpowder + Paper → West from China

  • All cities go through periods of urbanization and decline

    • Controlled by trade and productivity

  • Travelers wrote abt travels

    • Marco Polo

    • Ibn Buttata

    • Margery Kempe

Environmental Consequences of Connectivity

The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow, they shape the environment.

Thematic Focus - Humans and the Environment

💡Explain the environmental effects of the various networks of exchange in Afro-Eurasia from 1200-1450

  • Trade also resulted in diffusion of communicable diseases, along with crops, innovations, culture, etc

    • Black death/Bubonic plague

    • Bananas → Africa

    • Champa Rice → East Asia

    • Citrus → Meditteranean

Comparison of Economic Exchange

💡Compare and contrast the trade routes

robot