Chapter 13 | Patterns and Practices of Agricultural Production

Infrastructure

The many systems and facilities that a country needs in order to function properly

Dual agricultural economy

An economy having two agricultural sectors that have different levels of technology and different patterns of demand

Agribusiness

The large-scale system that includes the production, processing, and distribution of agricultural products and equipment

Hybrid

The product created by breeding different varieties of species to enhance the most favorable characteristics

Vertical integration

The combining of a company's ownership of and control over more than one stage of the production process of goods

Commodity chain

A network of people, information, processes, and resources that work together to produce, handle, and distribute a commodity or product

Farm subsidy

A form of aid and insurance given by the federal government to certain farmers and agribusinesses

Tariff

A tax or duty to be paid on a particular import or export

von Thünen model

A model that suggests that perishability of the product and transport costs to the market each factor into the location of agricultural land use and activity.

Global supply chain

A network of people, information, processes, and resources that work together to produce, handle, and distribute goods around the world

Cash crop

A crop produced mainly to be sold and usually exported to larger markets

Fair trade

A movement that tries to provide farmers and workers in peripheral and semi-peripheral countries with a fair price for their products by providing more equitable trading conditions