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Chemical Symbols
Unique one-, two-, or three-letter symbols for elements, with the first letter capitalized.
Empirical Formula
Simplest integer ratio in which atoms combine to form a compound.
Molecular Formula
Represents the actual ratio of atoms in a molecule, may be a multiple of the empirical formula.
Ions
Electrically charged atoms, positively charged ions attract negatively charged ions to form neutral compounds.
Coefficients
Numbers in front of a formula indicating the number of units of the formula, applying to the entire formula.
Analysis
The process of breaking down a substance or a mixture to determine its composition or properties.
Chemical Change
A process where one or more substances undergo a chemical reaction, resulting in the formation of new substances with different chemical compositions.
Coefficient
A number in a chemical equation representing the stoichiometric relationship between reactants and products.
Decomposition
A type of chemical reaction where a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements.
Diatomic Molecule
A molecule composed of two atoms of the same or different elements chemically bonded together.
Double Replacement
A chemical reaction where ions in two compounds exchange places to form two new compounds.
Empirical Formula
The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
Endothermic
A reaction or process that absorbs heat from its surroundings.
Exothermic
A reaction or process that releases heat into its surroundings.
Formula
A symbolic representation of a compound showing the types and numbers of atoms present.
Molecular Formula
A chemical formula that indicates the actual number of each type of atom in a molecule of a compound.
Molecule
A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
Physical Change
A change in which the substance's physical state or appearance changes without altering its chemical composition.
Polyatomic Ion
An ion composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded together and carrying a net electric charge.
Product
A substance formed in a chemical reaction.
Qualitative
Descriptive information about properties or characteristics without numerical measurements.
Quantitative
Information about quantities or amounts, usually involving numerical measurements.
Reactant
A substance consumed in a chemical reaction to produce products.
Single Replacement
A chemical reaction where one element replaces another in a compound.
Subscript
A small number written at the lower right of a chemical symbol indicating the number of atoms of that element in a molecule.
Symbol
An abbreviation or representation of an element used in chemical formulas.
Synthesis
A chemical reaction where two or more substances combine to form a more complex product.
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