Vesper geometrices

AX2; 2 atoms, 0 lone pairs

linear, 180 degrees

AX3; 3 atoms 0 lone pairs

trigonal planar, 120 degrees

AX4; 4 atoms, 0 lone pairs

tetrahedral, 109.5 degrees

AX5; 5 atoms, 0 lone pairs

trigonal bipyramid, 90 degrees between vertical axis, 120 degrees horizontal axis

AX6; 6 atoms, 0 lone pairs

octahedral, 90 degrees

AX2E, 2 atoms, 1 lone pair

bent, 120 degrees

AX3E, 3 atoms, 1 lone pair

trigonal pyramid, 109.5 degrees

AX4E, 4 atoms, 1 lone pair

seesaw, 90 degrees on vertical axis, 120 degrees on horizontal axis

AX5E, 5 atoms, 1 lone pair

square pyramid, 90 degrees

AX2E2, 2 atoms, 2 lone pairs

bent, 120 degrees

AX3E2, 3 atoms, 2 lone pairs

T-shaped, 90 degrees

AX4E2, 4 atoms, 2 lone pairs

square planar, 90 degrees

AX2E3, 2 atoms, 3 lone pairs

linear, 180 degrees

AX3E3, 3 atoms, 3 lone pairs

T-shaped, 90 degrees

AX2E4, 2 atoms, 4 lone pairs

linear, 180 degrees

Why are the degrees of bonds in certain VSEPR models smaller than expected?

Lone pairs push bonds away the bonds. Repulsion. :)

Which 2 atoms don’t need a full octet? (besides H and He)

Boron and Beryllium

What makes a stronger bond?

Better orbital overlap

2 electron-groups: electron group geometry?

linear

3 electron-groups: electron group geometry?

trigonal planar

4 electron-groups: electron group geometry?

tetrahedral

5 electron-groups: electron group geometry?

trigonal bipyramidal

6 electron-groups: electron group geometry?

octahedral

Electron group geometry

Describes how all electron-group are arranged around a central atom. Does not differentiate between lone pairs and bonds.

Molecular geometry

Describes how bonded atoms are oriented around a central atom.

When are pi bonds delocalized?

When the bond has resonance across multiple atoms.

What type of bonds result from combining orbitals of the same phase or end-to-end?

constructive

What type of bonds result from combing orbitals of a different phase or not end-to-end

destructive

Bonding Energy equation

(# bonding e- - # antibonding e-)/2

Pz MO orbitals

Px MO

Py MO