HIST 1301 EXAM 4

Mainly people/places

Battle at Shiloh, Tennessee: Goals, what happened?

Goal: to hold off union army and keep them out of mississippi river. what happened: union victory, Confederates lose Johnston (important general), 24,000 dead in 2 days

Battle of Vicksburg: goals, what happened?

Cut off town of Vicksburg and MS river, union win

Battle for New Orleans: date and what happened

April 1862; Union got off southern ports, union won and got control of ports

Battle for Memphis: date and what happened

June 1862; Quick loss of northern ports for the Confederacy, union win

Cotton Clads

Confederate steamboats with cotton bales all around it

Atietam/Sharpsburg: when, what happened, who won, and why is it infamous?

Sept 1862; Lee retreats to Virginia; Union won; Bloodiest day in American history

Fredericksburg: when, what happened, who won?

December 11-14, 1862; Aurora Borealis appeared, Burnside demoted; Confederates won

Chancellorsville: when, what happened, who won?

April 30-May 6th, 1863; Stonewall Jackson lost, Hooker demoted; Confederates won

Gettysburg: when, what happened, who won?

July 1-3, 1863; Cemetery Ridge & Pickett’s Charge, Confederates lost 17 generals; Union win

Irish Brigade

Didn’t fight with other white troops, came out of NY, put on front lines

what did the irish brigade chant and what does it mean

“Faugh a Bullagh” — clear the way

Why is Gettysburg important?

deadliest battle in American history, turning point

what happened at Battle of Chickamauga

last confederate victory

What happened in battle of Chattanooga?

Union win and get Tennessee river access and railroad control

what happened to the Deep South after the loss at Chattanooga? what happened to Atlanta

complete destruction, scorched earth; also completely destroyed

what happened in the Virginia/Maryland campaign between 1864-1865?

Battle of the wilderness, Spotslyvania Courthouse, Battle of Cold Harbor, Siege of Petersburg

What happened at appomattox campaign?

10,000 dead, series of battles

when did the Confederates surrender?

Aprith 9th, 1865

where did Lee surrender to Grant?

Appomattox courthouse

How many total deaths did the US experience by the end of the Civil War?

1 million

When was the emancipation proclamation issued?

January 1st, 1863

Who shot Abraham Lincoln?

John Wilkes Booth

Where was Lincoln shot?

Fords theater

Kansas-Nebraska Act

State can decide weather it wants to be free or slave, violates missouri comp

Andrew Butler

Gave pro-slavery speech, was mocked by Charles Sumner

Charles Sumner

gave anti-slavery speech, mocked Butler, ended up getting caned

Preston Brooks

Andrew Butlers nephew, avenged Butler by caning Sumner

Who did the Democrats run in 1856?

James Buchanan

Who did the Republicans run in 1856?

John C. Fremont

Who did the Nativists run in 1856?

Millard Fillmore

Who won the 1856 election?

James Buchanan

Dred Scott

slave belonging to Sandford, argued that moving to a free state should make him a free man

How did the Court rule in Dred Scott v. Sandford?

Against Scott, 7 to 2

What four points did the court make in Dred Scott v. Sandford?

1.Scott cannot sue the court as he is not a citizen

2.Status determined by state which he is returned

3.Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

4.Congress cannot deprive an owner of property

Harpers Ferry: when, where, and what happened?

1859; Virginia; Anti-slavery group raided Virginia town/armory (got captured and killed but ignited change)

John Brown

Abolitionist, raided things

What happened to the democratic party in 1859?

Split into pro-slavery and anti-slavery

what economic crisis occurred in 1857?

panic of 1857—affected northern states mostly

where was the most controversial/dangerous places to live?

border states (Kentucky, Tennessee Virginia, Ohio, Missouri

Who ran for president in the 1860 election?

Republican: William Seward BUT later Abraham Lincoln

Northern Democratic: Stephen Douglas

Constitutional Union: John Bell

Southern Democratic: John Breckinridge

Who won the election of 1860?

Lincoln, not by a landslide

Wilmot Proviso

new states must come in slave free

Free soil party

anti-slavery on an economic basis

Why was northwest ordinance revisited?

lots of new territory, how can congress decided how much slavery there is?

Who were the Senate Triumvirate?

Clay (Kentucky), Webster (Massachusetts), Calhoun (South Carolina)

Henry Clays omnibus bill:

bill with many parts: california is a free state, other mexican territories, establish texas western border, pay texas $10 million debt, abolition of domestic slave trade in D.C., stronger fugitive slave act

who wrote uncle toms cabin?

Harriet Beecher Stowe

who did the whigs run in 1852?

General Winfield Scott

Who did the democrats run in 1852?

Franklin Pierce

Kansas-Nebraska act

expand west, railroads

who came up with the kansas-nebraska act? what debate did it spark

Stephen Douglas, slavery

how much did the US pay mexico for the Gadsden Purchase?

$10 million

how many presidents did the US have between 1836 and 1860?

8

what other names did the American party have?

“Do nothing”, “Know Nothing”