[PT10121] [1T1S] [3] Teratogens Associated with Human Malformations

Cataracts, glaucoma, heart defects, hearing loss, tooth abnormalities

Rubella virus (measles)

Microcephaly, visual impairment, intellectual disability, fetal death

Cytomegalovirus

Microphthalmia, microcephaly, retinal dysplasia

Herpes simplex virus

Skin scarring, limb hypoplasia, intellectual disability, muscle atrophy

Varicella virus (chicken pox)

Hydrocephalus, cerebral calcifications, microphthalmia

Toxoplasmosis

Intellectual disability hearing loss

Syphilis

Microcephaly, spina bifida, cleft palate, limb defects

X-rays

Anencephaly, spina bifida, intellectual disability

Hyperthermia

Limb defects, heart malformations

Thalidomide

Anecephaly, hydrocephaly, cleft lip and palate

Aminopterin

Fetal hydantoin syndrome: facial defects, intellectual disability

Diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin)

Neural tube defects; heart, craniofacial, and limb anomalies

Valproic acid

Cleft palate, heart defects, urogenital and skeletal abnormalities

Trimethadione

Cleft lip and/ or cleft palate

Topamax (topiramate)

Heart malformations

Lithium

Heart malformations, neural tube defects, anal atresia, facial clefts, and many other defects

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Facial clefts, heart defects

Ondansetron (Zofran)