Chapter 13: Industrial-Organizational Psychology Overview

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Reports average work hours for U.S. workers.

I-O Psychology

Studies behavior's impact on work and vice versa.

Organizational Psychology

Examines worker interactions and productivity effects.

Industrial Psychology

Focuses on job and applicant characteristic matching.

Human Factors Psychology

Optimizes worker-tool interaction for productivity and safety.

Ergonomic

Design aimed at efficiency and comfort in work.

Occupational Psychology

Studies workplace-related stress and health issues.

Hawthorne Effect

Increased performance due to attention from observers.

Job Analysis

Describes tasks, responsibilities, and qualifications for jobs.

Task-oriented Analysis

Details specific tasks required for a job.

Worker-oriented Analysis

Describes worker characteristics needed for job success.

Job Specification

Identifies required knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs).

Unstructured Interview

Varied questions for different job candidates.

Structured Interview

Standardized questions for all job candidates.

Performance Appraisals

Evaluates employee success in job duties.

360-degree Feedback Appraisal

Combines ratings from multiple perspectives on performance.

Discrimination in Hiring

Illegal to select candidates based on group membership.

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Enforces laws against job discrimination in the U.S.

Equal Pay Act (1963)

Mandates equal pay for equal work regardless of gender.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (1964)

Prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion.

Job Satisfaction

Degree of enjoyment individuals derive from their job.

Management Behavior

Combines scientific management with human relations theories.

Transactional Leadership

Focuses on supervision through rewards and punishments.

Transformational Leadership

Inspires and motivates through charisma and vision.

Cognitive Engineering

Studies human-software interactions in automated systems.

Task Analysis

Breaks down elements of a task for better understanding.

Cognitive Task Analysis

Analyzes cognitive elements involved in task performance.