League of Nations & Armenian Genocide

What was the League of Nations a part of?

Wilson’s 14 points

What were Wilson’s 14 points?

14 ways to rebuild Europe & prevent another World War

How many original members were in the League of Nations?

42 founding nations

Which country did not join the League of Nations and why?

U.S.A. did not join because of a dispute between Wilson and the senate

What was U.S.A.’s policy post WW1?

Isolationism and focus on domestic issues

What was the 1st way of dealing with disputes for the League of Nations?

Ask states to sit down with a mediator and discuss their issues (especially with border disputes)

What was the 2nd way of dealing with disputes for the League of Nations?

Economic sanctions - members not permitted to trade with countries that had sanctions on them

What was the 3rd way of dealing with disputes for the League of Nations? (And it’s problem)

Physical sanctions - use military force against country (problem was L of N didn’t have any troops so not an option)

Why didn’t countries follow League of Nation rules?

Countries knew they couldn’t enforce the rules

Which countries dropped out of the League of Nations?

Japan, Germany, Spain, and Italy

When did countries begin dropping out of the League of Nations?

1930s

How many Armenians in 1914 vs 1922

2 million Armenians in Ottoman Empire in 1914, less than 400,000 in 1922

What was the Armenian Genocide the first of?

First act of modern day genocide in the north

Who carried out the genocide?

Turks

Explain the denial of the Armenian genocide

Turks say there was no premeditated attempt for the genocide; cannot talk about it in Turkey today because it is “insulting Turkishness”

What happened between Turkey and France?

Turkey cut military ties with France when France demanded Turkey take responsibility for the Genocide

Why didn’t USA cut ties with Turkey?

USA tried to cut ties but Turkey is a critical ally (70% of air supplies go through)

What was the root of the Armenian Genocide?

The fall of the Ottoman empire

What was Armenians’ religion?

Christian

What was the Young Turks?

A movement led by Three Pashas (Talaat was the leader) and wanted to Turkify empire

Who defeated Turkey in a battle?

Russia defeated Turkey and Armenians were blamed

Who were the original victims of the Armenian Genocide?

Started with hundreds of intellectuals arrested and later executed

What did the Young Turks call themselves?

The Committee of Unity & Progress

What was done to the Armenian soldiers?

Disarmed and transferred into labor battalions where they were either killed or worked to death

What was deportation in reality during the genocide?

Resettlement programs

What were the marches during the Genocide?

Death marches of men/women/children

How was the Armenian Genocide well documented?

German officials expressed horror, the NY times wrote 145 articles about it, and the US ambassador expressed concern

What was the special organization created by the government (during the genocide)?

Gang of butchers released from prison to kill Armenians

What was the resistance against the Armenian Genocide?

Very little resistance

What happened to the Three Pashas?

Three Pashas fled to Germany (given protection)

What was operation nemesis?

An Armenian group to hunt Pashas down

What happened to the leader Talaat?

Killed in Berlin by gunman

Was there any punishment of perpetrators?

No, majority got no punishment