Art History Final Image Review

Colossal Head

Colossal Head

San Lorenzo, Mexico; Olmec culture, 1200-900 BCE; carved from basalt

Ceremonial Center of the City of Teotihuacan

Mexico. Teotihuacan culture; c. 100-650 C.E.; Mayan culture; the pyramid of the Sun is in the foreground, and the Pyramid of the moon is visible in the distance.

Pyramid of the Feathered Serpent (Quetzalcoatl)

Teotihuacan c 200 CE; Mayan culture; built with pebbles set into mortar with layers of stonework; stone slabs to give it support/structure

Bloodletting Ritual

Teotihuacan, Mexico c. 550-650 CE; Mayan culture

Palanque (Palace)

Mexico 5th-8th century; contains some of the finest architecture, sculpture, roof comb and bas-relief carvings that the Mayas produced; history recorded in hieroglyphs

Portrait of Pakal the Great

stucco and red paint, Palanque, Mexico mid 7th century; Mayan culture; head was possibly bound as a baby to elongate head

Lady Xok's Vision

Maya culture 726 C.E. limestone; Yaxchilan, Mexico; Lady Xok conjures up a serpent vision that spews forth a warrior aiming a spear at the queen

Cylindrical Vessel with Ballgame Scene

Maya Culture, 600-800 C.C. painted ceramics.

Pyramid ("el Castillo") with Chacmool in foreground

Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico 9th-12th century

Mantle with Bird Impersonators

Paracas Peninsula, Peru c. 200 BCE-200 CE; central andes weaving; highly developed textiles with a high thread count

Moche Portrait Vessel

Central Andes culture; Peru c. 100-700 CE; made molds for mass production; faces were all different, so they were likely portraits of particular individuals

Earspool

made from gold, turquoise, quartz, and shell; Moche culture, c. 300 CE
Sipan, Peru; depicts a person wearing earspools; Central Andes culture

Beaver Effigy Platform Pipe

Hopewell Culture c. 100-400 CE; Bedford County, Pike County, Illinois; North American Indigenous culture

Sun Dagger Solar Marker at Equinox

Fajada Butte, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico c. 850-1250 CE; North American Indigenous culture; 800 rooms, built slowly over time; petroglyphs on the rocks

Crowned Head of a King

Ife, Yoruba culture, 12th-15th cent; brass; similar to heads at Benin; lines on the face could represent scarification; often compared to Western art; African art

Head

Nok c. 500 BCE-200 CE; terracotta; one of the oldest surviving examples of Sub-Saharan art; could represent ordinary people dressed for special occasions or rulers/upper class; had holes to insert feathers; African art

Ritual Vessel

Ife, Yoruba; terracotta c. 13th-14th century; prominently features heads; breaking the vessel could be a ritualistic practice; African art

Memorial Head of an Oba

Benin c. 16th century; brass; naturalistic figure that may be idealized to show ruler's power; fairly generic features; may not be a specific person but rather captures their spirit; African art

Hip Mask Representing an Iyoba

Benin c. 1550 CE; ivory, iron, and copper; worn at the hip on a belt; may represent Idia, a powerful Oba who raised an army and defeated her son's enemies; African art

Warrior Chief Flanked by Warriors and Attendants

plaque; Benin c. 1550-1650 CE; brass; likely nailed into surfaces of walls in palaces; hundreds of these plaques exist; African art

Horseman

Old Jenné, Mali 13th-15th century; terracotta; Horses with reigns were brought in from Arabia; African art

Great Friday Mosque

Jenné, Mali; 13th century style but was rebuilt 1907; no representational art of god or of Mohammad (aniconic); instead have nature motifs like spiraling plants or geometric shapes; Islam brought into area through trade; African art

Conical Tower

Great Zimbabwe c. 1200-1400 CE; possibly used to store grain; site abandoned after 1500s; African art

Bet Giorgis (Church of St. George)

Labelila, Ethiopia; volcanic stone; cut 45 feet into ground; used as a Catholic church; African art

Hinged Clasp from the Sutton Hoo Burial Ship

Suffolk, England; early 7th century; gold plaques with granulation and inlays of garnet and checked millefiori glass; Millefiori from the Italian for "a thousand flowers"; Medieval art

Chi Rho Iota Page

Iona, Scotland; Oxgall inks and pigments on vellum; Book of Matthew/Book of Kells; late 8th or early 9th century; Carolingian; Medieval art; XPI is an abbreviation from Greek for Christ; emphasis on patterning rather than human figures; Medieval art

Palace Chapel of Charlemagne

Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), Germany
792-805 CE; likely influenced by architecture from Ravenna; Charlemagne wanted to make it a central plan, but they lost the technology of concrete; Medieval art

St. Gall Plan

Stiftsbibliothek, Saint Gall, Switzerland c. 817; original in red ink on parchment; one of the monks couldn't make it to the meeting to decide monastery building plan, so another monk took notes for him with sketches of the building; Medieval art

Crucifixion with Angels and Mourning Figures

outer cover, Lindau Gospels c. 870-880; gold, pearls, sapphires, garnets, and emeralds; traced to workshop for Charles the Bald possibly at St. Denis; Medieval art

Gero Crucifix

Cologne Cathedral, Germany c. 970; Painted and gilded wood; Medieval art; expressive style; pained expression, sagging body, tilted legs, stretched skin; pose suggests suffering of christ; crucifix didn't emerge in 300s and 400s because of the stigma of crucifixion seen as a punishment; in 600s, this method of punishment was discontinued so crucifixion was represented in art as a symbol

Doors of Bishop Bernward

Made for the Abbey Church of Saint Michael,
Hildesheim, Germany c. 1015; bronze; reliefs of biblical scenes; Medieval art

Abbey Church of Cluny III

Burgundy, France c. 1088-1130; Largest Romanesque church ever built; partially destroyed during French Revolution

Christ in Majesty

south portal of Priory Church of Saint-Pierre; tympanum; Moissac, Toulouse, France c. 1115; may have been inspired by Spanish and Islamic designs pilgrims witnessed on their journeys; Romanesque art

Trumeau

Priory Church of St. Pierre, Moissac, France; South Portal c. 1115; central post between doorways; decorated on three of four sides.; on the front, there are three pairs of intertwined lions and lionesses who symbolically guard the entrance; Romanesque art

Last Judgement

Autun, France
c. 1120-1130; sculpted by Gislebertus; west portal, Cathedral of Saint-Lazare;
Shows the last judgment with believers going to heaven and nonbelievers being dragged down to hell; Romanesque art

Bishop Odo Blessing the Feast

from the Bayeux Embroidery; Canterbury, Kent, England, or Bayeux, Normandy, France
c. 1066-1082; likely made by aristocratic women; linen over 200 ft long; possibly displayed in a town hall or basilica; Romanesque art

Scenes from Genesis

Good Samaritan Window in Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres
France c. 1200-1210; Resembles a flower; references Christ and his good works; Gothic art

West Facade, Chartres Cathedral

France c. 1194-1220; West façade begun c. 1134
Cathedral rebuilt after fire in 1194; Towers have different types of roof because they were built at different times, and the goal was to get them to reach as high as possible; Gothic art

Royal Portal, Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France c. 1145-1155; West Façade; some of the figures carved on the portals are French kings; three typanums; 1. christ in center with mandorla surrounded by four evangelists 2. Mary with Christ in her lap 3. Christ's ascension to heaven; Gothic art

Prophets and Ancestors of Christ

Chartres Cathedral, France; Right side, Central Portal
c. 1145-1155; kings and queens of Judea; elongated, column-like bodies