Confucianism: Origin, Rise, Core Beliefs, Texts, and Legacy (Video Notes)

Flashcards covering the key concepts from the lecture notes on Confucianism: origin, rise, core beliefs, major texts, influential figures, and legacy.

Who founded Confucianism and when did he live?

Confucius (Kong Fuzi), 551–479 BCE.

Where did Confucianism originate and during which dynasty did it first take root?

Originated in China during the late Zhou Dynasty.

What situation prompted the development of Confucianism?

Response to political disorder and moral decline.

What region did Confucianism originate in and which regions did its influence spread to?

Rooted in Eastern Asia; influence spread to China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.

During which dynasty did Confucianism gain popularity and become state philosophy in China?

The Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE).

How did Confucianism spread across East Asia?

Through trade, scholars, and education systems.

What are the Five Key Relationships in Confucianism?

Ruler–subject, parent–child, husband–wife, elder–younger, friend–friend.

What values are central to Confucianism?

Respect, filial piety, education, harmony, and morality.

What is the primary goal of Confucian thought?

Social order and moral leadership.

Name the major Confucian texts.

The Analects, Book of Rites, Book of History.

Who were the key figures who expanded Confucian ideas besides Confucius?

Mencius (372–289 BCE) and Xunzi (310–235 BCE).

What revival occurred during the Song Dynasty related to Confucianism?

Neo-Confucianism.

What was Confucianism a foundation for in imperial China?

The civil service examination system (civil service exams).

How has Confucianism shaped East Asian society beyond exams and education?

Shaped education, ethics, and family structures; continues to be practiced in China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam; and promotes morality, respect, and harmony.