Module 5.3 - Oscillations
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17 Terms
Define angular frequency
A measure of an object’s angular displacement over time
Define critical damping
A type of damping that reduces the displacement of an oscillating object in the shortest time possible and without further oscillation
Define overdamping
A type of damping that reduces the displacement of an oscillating object without further oscillation
Define damping
The use of damping forces acting in the opposite direction to its motion to dissipate energy from an oscillating system and reducing its amplitude over time
Define forced oscillations
The use of an external periodic driving force to force a system to keep oscillating. The system will have the same frequency as the driving frequency
Define free oscillations
Oscillations that occur without an external driving force and oscillate at their natural frequency
Define isochronous oscillations
An oscillator whose frequency is independent of its amplitude
Define simple harmonic motion
Motion where the displacement is directly proportional and acting in the opposite direction to the acceleration
Define phase difference
The fraction of an oscillation between the position of two oscillating objects
What is the equation that links acceleration and angular frequency?
a=-ω²x
Which equations can be used to find the displacement of a simple harmonic oscillator?
x=Asinωt; x=Acosωt
What is the equation that can be used to determine the general velocity of a simple harmonic oscillator?
v=ω√A²-x²; v=-ω√A²-x²
What equation can be used to determine the maximum velocity of a simple harmonic oscillator?
v=ωA
When does the maximum velocity and kinetic energy occur in a simple harmonic oscillator?
At the equilibrium position
When does a simple harmonic oscillator have maximum potential energy?
At maximum displacement
What is resonance?
The rapid increase in an oscillation’s amplitude that continues growing until system failure
When does resonance occur?
When the driving frequency is equal to an oscillator’s natural frequency
Note 
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