World History Chapter 13: Section 13.2

(1154-1189) grandson of Henry 1 who started the Plantagenet Line of kings

Henry 2

developed common law (laws common to all Englishmen)

Henry 2

laws common to all Englishmen

common law

a group of people called on to give a verdict in a legal matter

Trial by Jury

(1189-1199) AKA The Lionhearted

Richard 1

spent most of his time fighting in wars and crusades

RIchard 1

Richard 1 mother who maintained his kingdom for him while he was gone fighting

Eleanor of Aquitaine

(1189-1216); brother of Richard 1; the most hated king in English history; lost much of England’s land to King Philip Augustus of France

John

English nobles forced what king to sign the Magna Carta?

King John

what was signed in 1215?

Magna Carta

when was the Magna Carta signed?

1215

put the king under the law, established the right of habeas corpus, and confirmed trial by jury

Magna Carta

(1216-1272) nobles rebelled against him and organized a group called Parliament

Henry 3

first one to call a meeting for Parliament (1265)

Simon de Montfort

lost control over Scotland in the battle of Bannockburn

Edward 2

prince of wales

Llewellyn

national hero of Scotland

Sir William Wallace

(1312-1377) became king after his father was forced to abdicate the throne to his son; the House of Lords and House of Commons developed during his rule

Edward 3

(1337-1453)

Hundred Years War

wars between England and France

Hundred Years War

the main reason for the hundred years war was?

England’s land claims in French territory

most of the early battles were English victories; French leaders were weak

Hundred Years War

peasant girl who led French forces into battles

Joan of Arc

france eventually won the war with the help of gunpowder weapons

Hundred Years war

England lost almost all of her land on the European continent

Hundred Years War

last Plantagenet king

Richard 2

rebelled against Richard because of the Hundred years war; 1st king of the Lancaster Line

Henry 4

York (white rose) vs. Lancaster (red rose)

war of roses

York family claimed the throne (1455); the Lancaster and york families fought until 1485

war of roses

(1485) final major battle of the war of roses

battle of bosworth field

(Lancaster) defeated the Yorks and became Henry 7

Henry Tudor

1st Tudor King

Henry 7

married and united the Lancaster and the Yorks under the Tudor Kings

Henry 7