AP World History Unit 0 Vocabulary

Unit 0 vocabulary

patriach

a society dominated by males. the male head of a family or tribal line. a person regarded as the father or founder of an order, class, etc.

Paleolithic

way of life which stones were the most prominent tools and people led nomadic / hunting

pastoral

semi nomadic people who herded animals but did not do agriculture

surplus

an amount of something left over when requirements have been met

agrarian

of or relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land

egalitarian

belief in the equality of all people, especially political, economical, social

neolithic revolution

start of cultivation of plants and domestication of animals and new technology

specialization

people repeat a single portion of the production process rather than multiple jobs.

social hierarchy

organization of a society in a hierarchical arrangement of individuals based on power and wealth within a society.

river valley civilizations

the earliest civilizations that developed around rivers for the fresh water supply and fertile land

classical civilization

Organized Civilizations that had strong Central Governments, made major Contributions to our Society(Architecture, Law, Government, Science), large trade networks. examples: China, Greece, India, and Rome.

Zoroastrianism

one of the earliest monotheistic religions (the belief in and worship of a single god) religions in the world. Persian. Mesopotamia.

Hinduism

Polythesitc religion that shapes and unifies Indian culture, use of caste system.

judaism

monotheistic religion (the belief in and worship of a single god) founded in 2000 BCE around Mesopotamia city.

buddhism

a belief system based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, stress from worldly distractions.

confucianism

a ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on ethics and morality.

filial piety

the honoring / love and respect for ones parents and ancestors.

centralized government

system of government characterized by the concentration of power in capitol. one in which both executive and legislative power is concentrated centrally at the higher level as opposed to it being more distributed at various lower level governments. (ex: Han China, Mauryan India, and the Byzantine Empire.)

caste system

a social structure where people are divided into distinct levels based on their birth, occupation, or wealth, and these divisions often determine their social status, rights, and opportunities, introduced by aryans. creates division. deeply rooted in the Hinduism belief in karma and reincarnation.

legalism

philosophy used by Qin Shi Huang of china, pessimistic views on humans

daoism

belief world is always changing, human should exist harmony with nature. By being in tune with this, they believe they can avoid violence, suffering, and struggle.

examination system

competitive exam for recruiting officials that linked state and society and dominated education from the Song Dynasty (960-1279) onward.

han dynasty

the second dynasty of imperial china. after Zhou. great economy, technology and culture.