Chem 40A Functional Groups

Aldeyhydes

Carbonyl group w/ it's carbon bonded to a hydrogen

Esters

Carbonyl group w/ carbon bonded to O-C (Technically "C" is R so an alkyl group)

Alkane

Hydrocarbon w/ no multiple bonds

Alkene

hydrocarbon w/ 1 or more C-C double bonds

Alkyne

hydrocarbon w/ 1 or more C-C triple bonds

Alkyl halides

Hydrocarbon that is bonded with a Halogen

Alcohols

C-O-H

Ethers

C-O-C linkage

Carbonyl Group

C=O (important to note!)

Ketones

Carbonyl group w/ it's carbon bonded to another carbon (extra note, R stands for the alkyl group)

Carboxylic acids

carbonyl group w/ carbon bonded to an OH

Amides

Carbonyl group w/ carbon bonded to Nitrogen

Amines

Nitrogen doing it's bonding, singles, single-double, or triple

Thiol

Sulfur analog to Alcohol (C-S-H)

Phosphates

P (V) doing it's expanded orbital bonding (example shown, but it's limited to that)