Quantum Mechanics and the Structure of the Atom

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and concepts related to Quantum Mechanics, the structure of atoms, and their properties as discussed in Chapter 3 of the lecture notes.

Quantum Mechanics

The branch of physics that describes the behavior of matter and energy at atomic and subatomic scales.

Emission Spectrum

The spectrum of frequencies emitted by an atom or molecule when it transitions from a high energy state to a lower energy state.

Photoelectric Effect

The phenomenon where electrons are emitted from a material when it is exposed to light of sufficiently high frequency.

Quantum Numbers

Set of numerical values that describe the unique quantum state of an electron, including its energy level and shape of orbitals.

Principle Quantum Number (n)

Indicates the main energy level of an electron in an atom.

Wave Function (ψ)

A mathematical function that describes the probabilistic nature of an electron's position and momentum.

Rydberg Equation

A mathematical formula used to predict the wavelengths of spectral lines of hydrogen and to describe the emission spectrum.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Core Electrons

Electrons that are not involved in bonding and reside in the inner shells of an atom.

Ionization Energy

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous state.