clin path lab

What does OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

What should the new container include for secondary container label?

• Chemical name

• Hazard warnings

• Flammable

• Toxic

• Corrosive

• Biohazard

What is a PCV what do PCV results mean?

it measures the percentage of blood made by RBC

• low= anemia

• high= dehydration, polycythemia

Normal PCV %

Canine: 37-55

Feline: 30-45

Performing a PCV

use a capillary tube to take in blood from purple tube

plug into clay to seal the tube

tube is placed in a centrifuge, if many spread it evenly

small animals pcv run in 3 minutes

read pcv using a reader card aling red blood at bottom and plasma at 100% and read where plasma and blood meet

do not include buffy coat in pcv

total protein using refractometer

using the centrifuged tube, break where plasa ends and gently tap into the refractometer window

read using the far right scale (whole numbers 1,2,3,4)

unit g/dL

parts of a PCV include

1. plasma

2. buffy coat

3. RBC

definitions of erythrocyte indices and how to interpret the results

1. MCV: mean corpuscular volume, RBC size

2. MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin, hemoglobin amount

3. MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, concentration of hemoglobin -

• larger cells= regenerative anemia

• smaller cells= non regenerative anemia

• Low hemoglobin= chronic anemia

evaluating cellular morphology

evaluation of physical features of cells

evaluating WBC differential

measures percentage of each WBC

• all add up to 100%

Neutrophil cell

Lymphocyte

monocyte

Eosinophil

Basophil

WBC estimate

multiple by 2,000

40x objective

Platelet estimate

5 fields x 10,000

100x objective

Plasma vs Serum

Plasma→ has clotting factors and comes from anticoagulated tube

Serum→ no clotting factor and from clotted blood

Know the additives in different blood tubes, and the purpose of each blood tube

Purple tube→ EDTA for complete blood cell CBC

Green tube→ heparin for chemistry

Red→ no additive for serum

Blue→ citrate for coagulation tests

what do you use to calculate urine specific gravity

a refractometer look into U.G units

The 3 parts of a urinalysis

1. physical examination→ appearance of urine

2. chemical analysis → dipstick test, pH, glucose, protein etc.

3. sediment → microscopic examination after centifugation, cells, bacteria, crystals

From the three stations of the Diff Quick what are they and what helps?

1. Fixative: preserve cells (7)

2. Eosin stain: stain cytoplasm (5)

3. basophilic stain: stain nuclei (7)

What are the parts of a blood smear?

1. Body

2. Monolayer

3. Feather edge

Parts of test for chemistry

by centesis (abdomino, thoraco, arthro)

Lab samples needed for chemistry

For total protein measurement = non-anticoagulant tube (red tube)

For TNCC = EDTA tube