American YAWP Chapters 15-16

13th Amendment

What constitutional amendment formally abolished slavery in the United States?

Lincoln's assassination

What event resulted in Andrew Johnson becoming president?

Black Codes

Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War to restrict the freedom and control the labor of African Americans.

Constitutional protection

What was the primary purpose of the 14th Amendment in relation to the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

Special Field Order No. 15

General Sherman's order that set aside coastal land in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida for settlement by freed families in forty-acre plots.

Freedmen's Bureau

The federal agency established by Congress to provide aid, establish schools, and manage the transition from slavery to freedom for former slaves.

Family, church, and education

What were the three key areas former slaves pursued to solidify their freedom after emancipation?

Abolitionist/women's rights

What two movements merged in 1866 to form the American Equal Rights Association (AERA)?

15th Amendment Disagreement

What issue caused the split of the American Equal Rights Association (AERA)?

Riots, fights, paramilitary

What were the three main forms of racial violence during Reconstruction?

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

A secret society that functioned as a paramilitary arm of the Democratic Party, using terror and violence to restore white supremacy.

Morrill Land-Grant Acts

What federal acts gave states land to establish colleges for "agriculture and the mechanic arts"?

Homestead Act

What 1862 act encouraged westward settlement by providing 160 acres of public land to settlers who agreed to farm it?

Compromise of 1877

What political deal resolved the 1876 election by making Rutherford B. Hayes president in exchange for withdrawing federal troops from the South?

Scientific management

Frederick Taylor's system of subdividing manufacturing tasks to increase efficiency, which helped spur the rise of mass production.

Robber barons

The critical term for the great financial and industrial titans of the Gilded Age, such as Andrew Carnegie and J.D. Rockefeller.

Social Darwinism

The ideology, based on Herbert Spencer's concept of "survival of the fittest," that justified wealth inequality as a natural order.

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

An alliance of craft unions, led by Samuel Gompers, that focused on practical gains like higher wages and shorter hours.

Populists's Party

What political party grew directly out of the Farmers' Alliance movement?

Farmers' Alliance

An agrarian movement that organized farmers into cooperatives to counter the power of railroads, merchants, and banks.

250,000

At its peak, how many members did the Colored Farmers' Alliance have? (List a number)

Gold Standard Act

What 1900 act officially placed the United States currency on the gold standard?

James B. Weaver

Who was the first presidential nominee of the Populist Party in 1892?

1,000,000

About how many popular votes did Populist candidate James B. Weaver win in the 1892 election? (List a number)